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柳州普通話.
柳州普通話,簡稱柳普,一種普通話變體,是以柳州官話爲母語的人羣在習得普通話過程中產生的中介語。
柳州話屬於西南官話桂柳片,與同是以官話爲語音基礎的普通話有親緣關係,卻又受到周邊漢語方言,甚至壯、苗、侗等民族語言影響。這讓柳州話在語音上大部分和普通話語音對應整齊,也有相當的差異。而作爲中介語言產生的柳州普通話,也大致繼承了以上特點。
柳普的聲母比普通話和柳州話都要簡化。
- 柳普無捲舌音,凡普通話中捲舌音 [ʈʂ]、[ʈʂʰ]、[ʂ],一概讀如齒齦音 [ʦ]、[ʦʰ]、[s]。
- 柳普中往往將普通話中濁捲舌擦音 [ʐ] 發作 [j] 或 [i] 。
- 柳普有軟顎鼻音 [ŋ],普通話中部分零聲母開頭的字會加上 [ŋ] 音。
與聲母相比,柳州普通話的韻母更接近柳州話,大多同柳州话,顯示受柳州話的影響更大。
- 柳普存在大量鼻化元音。普通話 [an]、[iɛn]、[uan]、[yɛn] 讀如 [ã]、[iẽ]、[uã]、[yẽ]。
- 複合韻母單元音化。普通話 [ai]、[ao] 開口度減小,讀如 [æ]、[ɑ],趨向圓脣。
- 柳普無後鼻音,普通話 [ɤŋ]、[iɤŋ] 和 [ən]、[in] 皆讀如 [ɐn]、[iən]。
- 柳普中, [p]、[pʰ]、[m]、[f] 能與 [oŋ] 相拼,凡普通話 [pɤŋ]、[pʰɤŋ]、[mɤŋ]、[fɤŋ] 皆讀如 [poŋ]、[pʰoŋ]、[moŋ]、[foŋ]。
- 介音 [u] 脫落,普通話 [uei] 讀如 [ɐi] 。
- 介音 [i] 發音更爲短促,近乎消失。
- 柳普将普通话中[əɻ]讀如[ə]。
柳普和普通話音值比較
|
陰平 |
陽平 |
上聲 |
去聲
|
柳普 |
33 |
24 |
21 |
41
|
普通話 |
55 |
35 |
214 |
51
|
- 由于柳州話的入聲整齊地派入陽平,故柳普會將古入聲字念作普通話陽平調。
柳州普通话直接套用方言习惯,缺乏普通话的儿化、轻声、变调等特征。
- 陈秋娜. 柳州普通话的语音体系特征 (河池学院学报). 2009年12月.
- 朱文雄. 广西人与北京音 (广西民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)). 1988.
Template:各地普通话
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