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杜錫

杜錫,字世嘏京兆杜陵人(今陝西西安),西晉尚書左丞。名將杜預之子,名士杜乂之父,成恭皇后杜陵陽之祖父。

生平

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杜錫年少之時已有盛名,初仕為長沙司馬乂府中文學一職,累升至太子中舍人。杜錫性格忠心而剛烈,為人耿直,經常向皇太子司馬遹犯顏強諫,言辭懇切認真,令司馬遹相當厭恨。司馬遹竟命人在杜錫的坐氈中安置刺針,令杜錫每次坐下時都被尖針所刺,受痛流血。司馬遹更諷刺杜錫說:「你這麼喜歡責怪別人,為甚麼會淪落得如此自作自受的境地啊?」著名成語「如坐針氈」典出於此。

杜錫不久轉任衛將軍長史。趙王司馬倫篡位時,以杜錫為治書御史。當時協助趙王廢帝自立的中書令孫秀亦想結交杜錫,可是杜錫卻拒絕與他交往,孫秀雖然對此懷恨在心,但因為忌憚杜錫名氣,而不敢加害。後來晉惠帝復辟,打算升杜錫為吏部郎、城陽郡太守,但杜錫不受此職,只遷任尚書左丞。48歲逝世,朝廷追贈散騎常侍。其子杜乂嗣位,其事在《晉書·外戚傳》中有載。

杜錫婢

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干寶志怪作品《搜神記卷15中,載有一則杜錫家中婢女的奇異故事。

一次杜錫家中辦喪事,落葬時卻不慎將一名婢女亦誤封在墓穴之中。十餘年後,杜錫家中由於要進行合葬,因此將當年的墓穴打開,卻發現那名婢女竟然尚生存著。那婢女更指被封閉的時間只好像睡了一覺般,而且好像只過了一兩天而已。這名婢女遭埋時只有十五、六歲的年紀,但十餘年後重開墓穴之時,她仍然是少女的模樣。此後再過十餘年,婢女出嫁,誕下兒子,一切如常。[1]

家族

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曾祖父

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  • 杜畿:曹魏官吏和將領,官至尚書僕射。

祖父

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  • 杜恕:曹魏官員、學者。官至幽州刺史,後被彈劾而貶為庶人。

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  • 杜乂:西晉丹陽丞,一時名士,著名美男子。

孫女

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備註

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  1. ^ 《搜神記》原文:「晉世杜錫,字世嘏,家葬而婢誤不得出。後十餘年,開冢祔葬,而婢尚生。云:『其始如瞑目。有頃漸覺。』問之,自謂:『當一再宿耳。』初婢埋時,年十五六,及開冢後,姿質如故。更生十五六年,嫁之,有子。」

參考資料

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  • 《晉書》
  • 《搜神記》
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杜錫
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