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本草衍义.
《本草衍义》,又名《本草广义》,[1]北宋寇宗奭撰,共20卷。[2]
寇宗奭是宋代人,通明醫理,尤精本草之學。他认为掌禹錫《嘉祐本草》和苏颂《本草图经》存在许多疏误,歷十餘年,採拾眾善,成书于政和六年(1116年),宣和元年(1119年)寇宗奭之侄寇約校勘後刊行,當為此書最早刊本,惜已佚。南宋淳熙十二年(1185年)江西轉運司刻慶元元年(1195年)重修本將《本草衍義》附於《證類本草》之後同刊,亦佚。庆元元年(1195)江南西路转运司段杲、吴猎等重新修版刊行《大观本草》时,又将此书附刻于后。庆元本是现存的最早版本。金朝张存惠将此书内容逐条散入《政和本草》中后,此书随《政和本草》的流传於世。元明以後各種合編本不斷翻刻,至清末已罕見單行本。宣统二年(1910年)柯逢時將杨守敬在日本取得的南宋本刊印,是為單行本,收入武昌医学馆丛书。
《本草衍義》延續了《證類本草》金石、水土、草、木、人、禽獸、鱗介、魚蟲、果菜、米谷的分類方式。此书收药物470種,集本草诸家之说,结合撰者辨验药材的实践经验。而且能够将《素问》中的药理原则运用于解释药效。明代李時珍稱其書“參考事實,核其情理,援引辨證,發明良多,(李)東垣、(朱)丹溪諸公亦尊信之”。
- 本草衍義 中藥方劑圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院) (中文)(英文)
- ^ 《郡齋讀書志》及乾隆六年《同州府志》並作《本草廣義》。
- ^ 《通志·藝文略七》著錄《本草衍義》二十卷。《直齋書錄解題》卷十三著錄“《本草衍義》十卷”,誤。
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