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曹吉祥

曹吉祥
司禮監太監
國家
主君明英宗
姓名曹吉祥
封爵昭武伯
出生
永平灤州
(今河北省灤縣
逝世1461年
北京西市法場
1457年參與奪門之變
1461年因謀反被殺

曹吉祥(?—1461年),永平灤州[1](河北灤縣)人,明朝宦官,曾任司禮監太監,官至總督京營太監。

生平

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最早為王振門下,時擔任監軍,參加過麓川之役、征兀良哈、讨邓茂七之變,有軍功。

景泰八年(1457年)正月十六日,與徐有貞石亨許彬等人勾結,乘景帝病重,迎英宗復位,史稱「奪門之變」。以功升為司禮太監,總督三大營。嗣子侄子)曹钦因此晉封昭武伯,門下廝養冒官者多至千百人,朝士亦有依附者。

天順元年春正月壬午,武清侯石亨,都督張輗、張軏,左都御史楊善,副都御史徐有貞,太監曹吉祥以兵迎帝於南宮,御奉天門,朝百官。丙戌,詔赦天下,改景泰八年為天順元年。史稱奪門之變。當年在討論奪門之變的功勞時,也對曹吉祥的嗣子曹欽進行封賞,封其為都督同知[2]

天順四年(1460年)石亨大肆培植党羽,干预朝政,得罪瘐死獄中。吉祥恐被斥,渐蓄异谋,暗令侄子曹钦蓄养了大批死士

天顺五年(1461年)七月,總督京營太監曹吉祥及昭武伯曹欽發動叛亂,事发前夕,马亮畏罪告發,曹钦匆忙起事,杀锦衣卫指挥同知逯杲等人,攻入皇城。左都御史寇深、恭順侯吳瑾[3]被殺。懷寧伯孫鏜率兵討平之。事敗,曹钦投井自盡,曹吉祥被凌遲於市,夷其族,其黨湯序等人皆伏誅。

延伸阅读

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[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:國朝獻徵錄·卷之一百十七》,出自焦竑國朝獻徵錄
维基文库中的相关文本:明史卷三百〇四》,出自《明史

參考文獻

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  1. ^ 谷應泰明史紀事本末/曹石之變:英宗正統六年春正月,以定西侯蔣貴為征蠻將軍,太監曹吉祥監軍,兵部尚書王驥提督軍務,郎中侯璡、主事楊寧隨軍贊畫,討思任發。吉祥,欒州人,出王振門下。至是監軍,號都督,多選降丁騎射以從。此內臣總兵之始也。
  2. ^ 明史/卷12
  3. ^ 明史》(卷156):“瑾被執,逃歸,嗣侯。英宗嘗欲使瑾守甘肅,辭曰:「臣,外人,若用臣守邊,恐外裔輕中國。」帝善其言,乃止。曹欽反,瑾與從弟琮聞變,椎長安門上告。門閉,欽攻不得入,遂縱火。瑾將五六騎與欽力戰死。贈涼國公,謚忠壯,予世券。”


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曹吉祥
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