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暴露疗法.
暴露療法(英語:exposure therapy)是行為療法中治療焦慮症的一種方法。暴露療法涉及將目標患者暴露於焦慮源或其背景,而不打算造成任何危險。這樣做被認為可以幫助他們克服焦慮或痛苦。在程序上,它類似於為研究實驗室囓齒動物而開發的恐懼消退範式。大量研究證明其在治療廣泛性焦慮症、社交焦慮症、強迫症、創傷後應激障礙和特定恐懼症等疾病方面的有效性。
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| 學校 | 精神動力取向心理治療 | |
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| 認知及 行為治療 | |
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| 以人為本 |
- 個人中心治療
- 情緒取向治療
- 存在治療
- 澄心
- 格式塔療法
- 意義治療法
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| 其他 | |
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| 整合 | |
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| 方案 |
- 簡明扼要的心理治療
- 諮商
- 線上諮商
- 集中住宿管理的心理治療
- 自助
- 支持團體
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| 研究 |
- 臨床形塑
- 臨床多元化
- 共同因子理論
- 實務者–學者 模型
- 心理治療研究之學會
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| 技巧 | |
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| 人物 |
- 菲利普·皮內爾 (1745–1826)
- Joseph Breuer (1842–1925)
- 西格蒙德·弗洛伊德 (1856–1939)
- Pierre Janet (1859–1947)
- 阿尔弗雷德·阿德勒 (1870–1937)
- Sándor Ferenczi (1873–1933)
- Carl Jung (1875–1961)
- Ludwig Binswanger (1881–1966)
- 梅兰妮·克莱因 (1882–1960)
- 奥托·兰克 (1884–1939)
- 卡伦·霍妮 (1885–1952)
- 哈里·斯塔克·沙利文 (1892–1949)
- Fritz Perls (1893–1970)
- 唐纳德·威尼科特 (1896–1971)
- 米尔顿·艾瑞克森 (1901–1980)
- 雅各·拉岡 (1901–1981)
- 爱利克·埃里克森 (1902–1994)
- 卡爾·羅哲斯 (1902–1987)
- 维克多·弗兰克 (1905–1997)
- 喬治·亞歷山大·凱利 (1905–1967)
- 羅洛·梅 (1909–1994)
- Virginia Axline (1911–1988)
- Carl Whitaker (1912–1995)
- 阿尔伯特·艾利斯 (1913–2007)
- James Bugental (1915–2008)
- 约瑟夫·沃尔普 (1915–1997)
- 維琴尼亞·薩提爾 (1916–1988)
- 亞倫·貝克 (b. 1921)
- Salvador Minuchin (b. 1921)
- Hans Herrman Strupp (1921–2006)
- 保罗·瓦兹拉威克 (1921–2007)
- Haim Ginott (1922–1973)
- Eugene Gendlin (b. 1926)
- R. D. Laing (1927–1989)
- Jean Baker Miller (1927–2006)
- 歐文·亞隆 (b. 1931)
- Arnold Lazarus (1932–2013)
- Lorna Smith Benjamin (b. 1934)
- Marsha M. Linehan (b. 1943)
- Vittorio Guidano (1944–1999)
- Les Greenberg (b. 1945)
- William R. Miller (b. 1947)
- Michael White (1948–2008)
- Jeffrey Young (b. 1950)
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