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暴女

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暴女(英語:Riot grrrl),是女性主義地下朋克音樂運動。1990年代早期,起源自美國奧林匹亞市[1]華盛頓州[2]西北岸地區[3],暴女融合了女性主義、朋克以及政治次文化。暴女通常受第三波女性主義影響,並影響了第四波女性主義的龐克風格[4]。暴女也被描述為一種由獨立搖滾衍伸出來以朋克為靈感所引發的音樂風格,傳達出女性可以自由表達意見,就如同男性一直以來一樣。[5]

暴女樂團通常在歌詞中關注各式議題,諸如強暴性別歧視種族歧視家庭暴力父權,以及女性權利。主要相關樂團有比基尼殺戮、Bratmobile、Heavens to Betsy, Excuse 17、Huggy Bear、Skinned Teen、Emily's Sassy Lime以及Sleater-Kinney[1][6][7][8][9][10],以及同性戀相關主題樂隊Team Dresch和The Third Sex[1][11]。除了音樂方面,暴女是種包含了自給自足的生活風格、獨立雜誌、藝術、政治行動、激進主義的次文化[12]。暴女運動的快速傳播甚至超越了原先音樂方面的影響力,創造了蓬勃的獨立雜誌圈以及遍布全球的網路運動,與當地的草根團體一起終結年齡歧視同性戀種族歧視性別歧視,特別是對女性的肢體及情緒暴力。

資料來源

註腳

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Feliciano, Steve. the Riot Grrrl Movement. New York Public Library. [2023-09-08]. (原始内容存档于2013-09-18). 
  2. ^ It's Riot Grrrl Day in Boston: 13 Songs to rock out to at work. Sheknows.com. April 9, 2015 [2016-07-18]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-30). 
  3. ^ McDonnell, Evelyn; Vincentelli, Elisabeth. Riot Grrrl United Feminism and Punk. Here's an Essential Listening Guide.. The New York Times. May 6, 2019 [2021-10-21]. ISSN 0362-4331. (原始内容存档于2024-01-26) (美国英语). 
  4. ^ When punk went feminist: the history of riot grrl. Gen Rise Media. 2020-05-12 [2020-06-04]. (原始内容存档于December 24, 2020) (美国英语). 
  5. ^ Marion Leonard. "Riot grrrl." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 20 Jul. 2014.
  6. ^ Hopper, Jessica. Riot Girl: still relevant 20 years on. The Guardian. 2011-01-20 [2021-04-01]. (原始内容存档于2023-12-03) (英语). 
  7. ^ Kennedy, Kathleen. Results of a misspent youth: Joan Jett's performance of female masculinity. Women's History Review. 2002-03-01, 11 (1): 89–114. ISSN 0961-2025. doi:10.1080/09612020200200312可免费查阅. 
  8. ^ Meltzer, Marisa. Girl Power: The Nineties Revolution in Music. Macmillan. February 15, 2010: 42. ISBN 9781429933285. 
  9. ^ Anderson, Sini. The Punk Singer. IFC Films. 2013. 
  10. ^ Sheffield, Rob. Riot Grrrl Album Guide: Essential LPs from Nineties rock's feminist revolution. Rolling Stone. March 27, 2020 [2021-10-21]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-25). 
  11. ^ Leyser, Yony. Queercore: How to Punk a Revolution.. Torch Films. 2017. OCLC 1114281127. 
  12. ^ Jackson, Buzzy. A Bad Woman Feeling Good: Blues and the Women Who Sing Them. New York: W.W. Norton. 2005. ISBN 978-0-393-05936-6. 
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暴女
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