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无性细胞瘤

无性细胞瘤
显微镜下的精原细胞瘤英语seminoma,从组织学上和无性细胞瘤没有区别
类型germ cell cancer[*]卵巢癌疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科肿瘤学、​妇科肿瘤学
ICD-11XH24E0
ICD-9-CM183.0
ICD-O英语International Classification of Diseases for Oncology9060/3
MeSHD004407
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无性细胞瘤(英語:Dysgerminomas)是一类生殖细胞瘤[1],通常是恶性肿瘤,并常病发于卵巢。无性细胞瘤占卵巢肿瘤的不到1%,它常病发于童年或早期成人阶段,大概5%的患者病发于青春期以前,很少有病例发生于50岁以后。10%的病例发生于双侧卵巢。

一类肿瘤和无性细胞瘤有相同的组织学特征,但病发于男性睾丸中,被称之精原细胞瘤英语seminoma;病发于中枢神经系统的,称之为生殖细胞瘤[2]

非正常的性腺(因为特纳氏综合征雄激素不敏感综合征英语androgen insensitivity syndrome)有发生为无性细胞瘤的高危性[3]。绝大多数无性细胞瘤均与血清中乳酸脱氢酶升高有关,它也有时被视为肿瘤标记物英语tumor marker

病理

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无性细胞瘤通常伴有血钙过多。在肉眼观察下,无性细胞瘤呈现出光滑、圆凸的外部表面,质软、光滑,内部颜色为奶油色、灰色、粉色、棕褐色。显微镜下检查,细胞类似原始生殖细胞,并且包含淋巴细胞;其中20%的病例中伴有肉芽肿瘤英语granuloma

恶性转移的情况最常发现于淋巴结中。

治疗

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无性细胞瘤和其他精原细胞瘤英语Seminoma一样,对化学疗法放射疗法非常敏感,所以采取这些治疗方式,往往能够增加患者的长期存活率。

参考

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  1. ^ Behtash N, Karimi Zarchi M. Dysgerminoma in three patients with Swyer syndrome. World J Surg Oncol. 2007, 5 (1): 71 [2013-12-08]. PMC 1934908可免费查阅. PMID 17587461. doi:10.1186/1477-7819-5-71. (原始内容存档于2019-12-16). 
  2. ^ 道兰氏医学词典中的dysgerminoma
  3. ^ Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed. Chapter 553. Question 11, Gynecologic Problems of Childhood
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无性细胞瘤
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