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方玉润

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方玉润(1811年—1883年),字友石,号鸿蒙子幻幻子清朝学者,祖籍四川

生平

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清初其家族迁至云南宝宁(今云南省广南县),父方凌瀚。方玉润二十二岁入县学,应试十五次均不第,值得留意的是,其父亦在二十七歲入郡庠,應鄉試十三次仍不第。方玉润性格孤介,咸丰五年(1855年),太平天國兵起,入軍旅,为僧格林沁幕僚,深得僧格林沁赏识,著《运筹神机》(曾国藩应邀鉴定并作跋“题方友石书后”,方玉润同时送给曾国藩鉴定的书稿还有《诗经原始》、《鸿蒙室文钞》[1])。同治三年(1864年)夏,以軍功值铨选陕西隴州长宁驿(今甘肃张家川回族自治县之马鹿镇东)州同,讲学於五峰书院,著有《诗经原始》,主张摆脱经学观念研究诠释《诗经》,胡適高度重視此書,[2]認為其持論比朱熹有理。[3]

方玉潤晚年生活艰难。光绪九年(1883年)陕西巡抚冯誉骥荐其补任砖坪厅,未就任而卒。葬於陇州城北的开元寺后。另著有《鸿蒙室诗文二抄》、《风雨怀人集》等。

为同治二年(1863年)癸亥恩科二甲进士李嘉樂(师从咸丰六年(1856年)丙辰科进士诗人董文焕)的《仿潛齋詩鈔》作序(1859),李嘉樂作诗《呈方友石夫子》、《题友石师春梦词后》。咸豐九年(1859年)己未科进士严辰(咸丰进士)作诗《题方友石詩文集》(载嚴辰《墨花吟舘詩鈔》,1882)。

注釋

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  1. ^ 载《曾国藩全集》,2011。
  2. ^ 楊鴻烈著〈調查詩經原始的著作者的事蹟經過〉一文即受胡適的啓發。
  3. ^ 胡适:《周南新解》

參考文獻

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方玉润
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