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敦霹靂

敦霹靂

盤陀訶羅·巴杜卡·拉惹·敦霹靂(Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Perak,?—1498年),是馬六甲蘇丹國第五位、也是最有名的盤陀訶羅,即宰相。 從1456年到1498年,他擔任四位蘇丹(蘇丹慕扎法沙蘇丹满速沙蘇丹阿拉乌丁·利亚沙蘇丹馬末沙)的宰相。敦霹靂和滿者伯夷的名相加查·馬達(綽號「大象將軍」)和巴賽(Pasai)的Kenayan國王並稱為15世紀馬來世界中最偉大的三位政治家。

敦霹靂是馬六甲的第一任宰相Sri Wak Raja Tun Perpatih Besar的兒子,蘇丹慕扎法沙的皇后敦古度(Tun Kudu)與Tun Perpatih patih的兄弟。早年,敦霹靂是馬六甲一名軍人政治家。1445年,他被任命為馬六甲駐巴生的土司。1445年,他帶領帶領馬六甲軍隊和他的人民從巴生到馬六甲,並運用以逸待勞的戰略,擊敗暹羅侵略者。敵軍不支而退。因此,他在1456年當宰相。

敦霹靂有系統地於彭亨登嘉樓柔佛廖內、林加、巨港,卡里蒙(Karimon),羅干(Rokan)、錫國(Siak)、占碑、恩德拉吉利(Inderagiri)和阿魯(Aru)殖民。這些政權的統治者由於馬六甲的影響,皈依伊斯蘭教,馬六甲也已經成為一個龐大的帝國,在政治、社會和經濟開發得到的快速發展,吸引了眾多來自中國印度中東和周邊國家的外國商人。敦霹靂對馬六甲蘇丹國非常忠誠。當他的兒子敦勿剎(Tun Besar)因誤會被蘇丹馬末沙的兒子拉惹莫哈末在一場藤球比賽中殺死,他沒有向蘇丹馬末沙尋求報復。相反,还保举拉惹莫哈末为彭亨州苏丹。

他在1498年去世,由他的弟弟Tun Perpatih Patih繼任宰相。他的死被廣泛地認為是馬六甲王國的衰落的開始。

兒子

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1.敦再納阿比丁(Tun Zainal Abidin)

2.Tun Pikrama

3.Tun Telani

4.敦勿剎


同儕

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1.Hang Ujal (頭銜: Tun Bija Setia)

2.Sang Naweng

3.Hang Busu (頭銜: Tun Bija Pikrama)

4.Hang Tulus (頭銜: Tun Rakna)


資料來源

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敦霹靂
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