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散髮脫刀令

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日語寫法
日語原文散髪脱刀令
假名さんぱつだっとうれい
平文式罗马字sanpatsu dattō rei

散髮脫刀令,俗稱斷髮令,是1871年9月23日明治政府發出的太政官布告。

解說

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幕末引入西洋軍制後,開始盛行起不結丁髷而放開頭髮的風潮。明治政府宣布「可以自由選擇斷髮脫刀」後,華族士族便可以自由選擇帶刀與否(平民禁止帶刀是在1871年2月16日宣布),不過「官僚穿著禮服時」是被要求要帶刀的。而在1873年3月明治天皇放開頭髮後,以官僚為中心也開始盛行起放開頭髮。

此法令的目的之一就是使廢藩置縣政策順利執行,作為廢止舊武士特權政策的其中一環,一邊逐步廢止帶刀一邊避免發生士族叛變。

雖然宣布可以自由選擇斷髮與否,不過因為女性流行留長頭髮並剪成散切頭,在當時的人眼中有礙觀瞻,因此1872年5月11日東京府又發布「女子斷髮禁止令」,表示散髮令只適用於男性(現在日本只有相撲力士才扎髮髻)。

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散髮脫刀令
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