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攝影機

Sony Betacam SP攝影機“Digital 1000”
Sony Hi8攝影機“EVW-300”
「攝影機」的各地常用名稱
中国大陸摄像机
臺灣攝影機
港澳攝錄機

攝影機（英語：video camera）是一種使用光學原理來记录影像的裝置。攝影機的發明初時是用於電影及電視節目製作，但現時已普及化。

正如照相機一樣，早期攝影機需要使用底片或者錄影帶來進行紀錄。數位相機發明以來，影像可以直接儲存在快閃記憶體內。更新型的攝影機，則是將影像資料直接儲存在機身的硬碟中，不僅可以動態錄影，也可以靜態拍攝，就可不用同時帶數位相機。家庭式攜帶方便的攝影機機身輕，好操作，幾乎是家庭必備的電器用品。目前，攝影機以松下、索尼两大公司的产品为主，JVC以及佳能正在逐步的扩大其产品的各项性能、特色等，向着高清数字视频方向發展[1]。

歷史

向數位電視的過渡推動了數位攝影機的發展。到21世紀初，大多數攝影機都是數位相機。

隨著數位視頻捕獲的出現，專業攝影機和電影攝影機之間的區別已經消失，因為間歇機制已經變得相同。如今，專門用於電視和其他工作（電影除外）的中檔相機被稱為專業攝影機。

分類

按錄製功能分類：

  • 攝錄一體機（簡稱“錄放影機”），即攝影和記錄為一體的錄影機
  • 攝影，即只有攝影照片功能的攝影機

按品質分類：

  • 廣播級攝影機
  • 業務級攝影機（專業級攝影機）
  • 家用級攝影機

按使用分類：

  • 便攜式攝影機
  • 演播室專用攝影機

按傳感器類型分類：

  • CCD
  • CMOS

按傳感器大小分類（以英寸为單位）：

  • 2/3
  • 1/2
  • 1/3
  • 1/4
  • 其中，2/3英寸傳感器用於廣播級攝影機；1/3傳感器常用於專業級攝影機和家用機攝影機

按感測數量分類：

  • CCD或CMOS
  • 2CCD或2CMOS
  • 3CCD或3CMOS
  • 家用攝影機是單個CCD或CMOS，專業級和廣播級攝影機是3CCD或3CMOS

按儲存方式分類：

  • 錄影帶
  • 藍光光碟
  • 快閃記憶體
  • 硬碟

相關

參考來源

  1. ^ 家用摄像机发明起源于胶片摄像机 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）人民网.哈尔滨日报.王铁.[2014-03-22]

外部連結

Canon
全幅
5D Mark II (2008)·1D Mark IV (2009)·1D X (2011)·5D Mark III (2012)·6D (2012)·5DS/5DS R (2015)·1D X Mark II (2016)·5D Mark IV (2016)·6D Mark II (2017)·R (2018)·RP (2019)
高階
7D (2009)·7D Mark II (2014)
中階
60D (2010)·70D (2013)·80D (2016)90D (2019)
初階
500D (2009)·550D (2010)·600D (2011)·650D (2012)·700D (2013)·750D (2015)·800D (2017)·1100D (2011)·EOS M (2012)·100D (2013)·1200D (2014)·1300D (2016)·2000D (2018)·4000D (2018)
Nikon
FX畫幅
D3S(2009)·D800(2012)·D800E(2012)·D4(2012)·D600(2012)·D610(2013)·D4S (2014)·D810 (2014)·D750 (2014)·D810A (2015)·D5 (2016)·D850 (2017)·Z6 (2018)·Z7 (2018)
高階
D300S (2009)·D500 (2016)
中階
D90 (2008)·D7000 (2010)·D7100 (2013)·D7200 (2015)·D7500 (2017)
初階
D5000 (2009)·D3100 (2010)·D5100 (2011)·D3200 (2012)·D5200 (2012)·D5300 (2013)·D3300 (2014)·D5500 (2015)·D3400 (2016)·D5600 (2016)·D3500 (2018)
Panasonic
中階
GH1 (2009)· GH2 (2010)· GH3 (2012)· GH4(2014)· GH5 (2017)
Pentax
高階
K-7 (2009)·K-5 (2010)
中階
K-x (2009)·K-r (2010)
Sony
高階
α99 (2012)·α7 (2013)·α7R (2013)·α7S (2014)·α7 II (2014)·α7R II (2015)·α7S II (2015)·α99 II (2016)·α9 (2017)·α7R III (2017)·α7 III (2018)·α7R IV (2019)·α9 II (2019)
中階
α560 (2010)·α580 (2010)·α55 (2010)·α65 (2011)·α77 (2011)·NEX-7(2011)·α57(2012)·NEX-6(2012)·α58(2013)·α6000(2014)·α77 II (2014)·α68(2015)·α6300(2016)·α6500(2016)·α6400(2019)·α6100(2019)·α6600(2019)
初階
NEX-3(2010)·NEX-5(2010)·α33 (2010)·α35 (2011)·NEX-C3(2011)·NEX-5N(2011)·NEX-F3(2012)·α37(2012)·NEX-5R(2012)·NEX-3N(2013)·NEX-5T(2013)·α3000(2013)·α5000(2014)·α3500(2014)·α5100(2014)
奥林巴斯
OM-D系列
E-M5 (2012)·E-M1 (2013)
PEN系列 进阶
E-P3 (2011)·E-P5 (2013)
PEN系列 入门
E-PL5 (2012)·E-PL6 (2013)·E-PL7 (2014)
 
各地
学术
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攝影機
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