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間綴

間綴(Interfix)是詞綴的一種,為語言學或更專門用在音位學的術語。它是安置在2個語素之間的音素,但本身不具有語義上的意涵。

範例

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合成詞結構

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德語,間綴 -s- 用在某些名詞之間構成合成詞,例如Arbeit(工作)和Zimmer(房間)結合成Arbeitszimmer(工作室),而像Schlafzimmer(寢室)則單純把Schlaf(睡眠)和Zimmer接在一起。此間綴來自陽性中性屬格單數後綴 -s。德語有許多其他間綴,例如 -es-(e)n--er--e-。並非所有的間綴都源自屬格。同樣地,德語間綴經常源自複數形式。實際上德語複數形式和連接形式彼此平行發展,巧合的是只有部分相似。

英語,若科技合成詞從非科技字根形成,有時會使用間綴 -o-,o 被視為是連接母音(speed-o-meter、mile-o-meter),類似於tacho-meter、odo-meter,該合成詞的前半部來自詞幹包含o古希臘語名詞。

瑞典語,合成名詞會寫成一個字,間綴相當普遍。-s- 經常使用成為像是fabriksarbetare,由fabrik(工廠)和arbetare(工人)組成。其他間綴的例子如 -e-,連接familj和far(家庭和父親)成為familjefar;以及 -a-,viking和by(海盜和村莊)變成vikingaby。然而,像是在挪威,並非所有的合成詞都加入了間綴。例如stenålder,這個字由sten(石)和ålder(年齡)組成。

參見

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腳註

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間綴
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