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捕快

捕快相當於古代警察的名稱。「捕役,捕拿盜匪之官役也」,而「快手,動手擒賊之官役也」,因二者性質相近,故合稱為捕快。捕快的称呼起源于哪朝无法考证,但是至少在原始社会末期奴隶社会前期就拥有了类似职能的人,这是最初捕快的雏形,他们负责缉捕罪犯、传唤被告和证人、调查罪证。

宋朝

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清朝

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清代規定捕快三年一試,但各地衙門可以隨時酌情增補捕快的空缺,如要擔任捕快者,必須經過嚴格的考驗。且三代身家清白,月收入也只有區區的白銀三兩八錢(3.8兩,一兩銀一般情況相當於一銅錢,即三千八百文錢),捕快的首領為捕頭,收入六兩。雖然不高,但是依照各種陋習,收取規費等,月入可高達數十到數百兩。清朝時雖然一本《大清律例》執法,但實際管理老百姓的,卻是胥吏,固有「清朝與胥吏共天下說」。[1]胥吏仰賴的,還是地方的捕快

歷史與小說中知名捕快

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受供奉之捕快

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  • 蘇阿乖:於光緒年間任雲林縣衙捕快,於圍剿林圯埔(今竹山地區)一帶土匪時殉職,後被當地民眾供奉,並訂廟名為「聖義廟」。
  • 王朝、馬漢:有些包公廟會將王朝、馬漢作為包公的部將奉祀;如臺南南沙宮

電視劇

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参考文献

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  1. ^ 杜家驥;李然《嘉慶事典》p28

参见

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捕快
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