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手指

手指或一些灵长类动物(例如)的上的指头。人的手指虽然非常灵活,但也非常纤细,還有位于下臂,这些肌肉通过长的来指导手指的运动。有时在活动手指时可以在手背上看到这些腱。拇指的屈肌和旋肌位於手內。

運動員展示手指

手指内的被称为指骨。拇指有两根指骨,其它手指有三根指骨。人的五根手指的名称分别为:

  1. 拇指 (英語:thumb
  2. 食指
  3. 中指
  4. 無名指(環指)
  5. 尾指

解剖学

解剖学中,拇指被编号为一号手指,小指为五号。与人体其它许多部位的皮肤相比指尖的神经末梢非常密集。指尖是人体触觉的中心。人常常使用手,尤其是手指,来抚摸外物或人。由于手指如此敏感,人可以用手指读盲文。手指表面的指纹还进一步加强了其敏感度。

手指中的三根指骨被称为上指骨、中节指骨和末端指骨。每根手指有三个关节,第一个关节是手指与手之间的关节。它连接掌骨与上指骨。第二个关节叫近端指關節。第三个关节叫远位指骨间关节。每个关节表面都覆有关节软骨,它们保证组成关节的骨之间相互运动时不受阻力。

手指指尖的背部受指甲的保护,也是由皮膚演化而來。

曾有一些觀察與研究發現,人類幼童的指尖可以在斷掉並且只做殺菌等保守處理之後自然再生[1][2],但是有專家認為這並非真正的再生能力(regeneration),而是幼童的快速成長所造成的表相。[3]

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ Illingworth CM. Trapped fingers and amputated finger tips in children. J Pediatr Surg. Dec 1974: 853–58. PMID 4473530. 
  2. ^ Suman K. Das and H. G. Brown. Management of Lost Finger Tips in Children. The Hand. 1978 [2008-07-17]. doi:10.1016/S0072-968X(78)80021-7. (原始内容存档于2008-07-13). 
  3. ^ Missing Limb? Salamander May Have Answer. The New York Times. [2008-07-17]. 

外部連結

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手指
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