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怀恩.
怀恩(?—1488年),明朝宦官,山东高密人。懷恩本為知府戴希文之後,明宣宗殺懷恩之族人諫官戴綸,連坐累及懷恩。明憲宗成化年間掌管司禮監,被西廠頭目汪直忌憚。明憲宗末年想改立太子,懷恩据理力争,甚至以首承硯,被斥居鳳陽。明孝宗即位後把他召回,还是命他掌管司禮監,他勸孝宗貶斥奸邪,起用正直之士。某次諫官上書,稱宦官為“刑餘之人”,覃昌大怒,懷恩曲解之使釋。最後死在南京。[1]
宣德年间,因家族受株连,被阉割入宫。
成化三年(1467年),参与清理京营宿弊。
成化四年(1468年),参与商议军事。
成化十二年(1476年),京师天变惊扰,护持皇帝。
成化十四年(1478年),参与敉平辽东巡抚陈钺掩杀冒功事件。
成化十七年(1481年),奉旨参与三法司录囚。
成化末年,被贬谪凤阳孝陵司香。
弘治元年(1488年),召回,任司礼监掌印太监,不久去世。
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《明史卷三百〇四》,出自《明史》
- ^ 《明史·列传第一百九十二·宦官一》:“怀恩,高密人,兵部侍郎戴纶族弟也。宣宗杀纶,并籍恩父太仆卿希文家。恩方幼,被宫为小黄门,赐名怀恩。宪宗朝,掌司礼监。时汪直理西厂,梁芳、韦兴等用事。恩班在前,性忠鲠无所挠,诸阉咸敬惮之。员外郎林俊论芳(梁芳)及僧继晓下狱,帝欲诛之,恩固争。帝怒,投以砚曰:“若助俊讪我。”恩免冠伏地号哭。帝叱之出。恩遣人告镇抚司曰:“汝曹谄芳倾俊。俊死,汝曹何以生!”径归,称疾不起。帝怒解,遣医视恩,卒释俊。会星变,罢诸传奉官。御马监王敏请留马房传奉者,帝许之。敏谒恩,恩大骂曰:“星变,专为我曹坏国政故。今甫欲正之,又为汝坏,天雷击汝矣!”敏愧恨,遂死。进宝石者章瑾求为锦衣卫镇抚,恩不可,曰:“镇抚掌诏狱,奈何以贿进。”当是时,尚书王恕以直谏名,恩每叹曰:“天下忠义,斯人而已。”宪宗末,惑万贵妃言,欲易太子,恩固争。帝不怿,斥居凤阳。孝宗立,召归,仍掌司礼监,力劝帝逐万安,用王恕。一时正人汇进,恩之力也。卒,赐祠额曰显忠。”
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