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截頭表音法.
截頭表音法(Acrophony,英語發音:/əˈkrɒfəni/)指字母名稱是以該字母開首的單字。
- 希臘字母是以截頭表音法命名,例如字母α、β的名稱分別是άλφα (alpha)、βήτα (beta)。
- 原始迦南字母是截頭表音法的範例。表示發音 /a/ 的字母是象徵「牛(讀音 ʾalp)」的象形文字,因此把該字母命名為「牛( ʾalp)」,後來演化為拉丁字母 A。第二個腓尼基字母是表示發音 /b/ 、象徵「屋(讀音 bet)」的象形文字,因此把該字母命名為「屋( bet)」,後來演化為拉丁字母 B。古時的近東習慣把事物以事物的開端命名,字母系統以āleph-bēth開始,所以字母系統被稱作「alphabet」。
- 格拉哥里字母和早期西里爾字母雖然不是形意文字,字母也是以截頭表音法命名。表示發音 /a, b, v, g, d, e/ 的字母名稱是Az, Buky, Vedi, Glagol, Dobro, Est,一個幫助學生記憶字母系統的方法就是把這六個字母名稱合起來,「Az buky vedi, glagolʾ dobro estʾ」在古教會斯拉夫語解作「我能辨認字母,文字是好的」。
- 在古愛爾蘭語中,字母以樹木命名,例如 A 是 ailm(白杉)、 B 是 beith(樺)、 C 是 coll(榛)。
- 日耳曼語族的盧恩字母利用截頭表音法取名,首三個字母表示發音 /f, u, þ/ ,諾爾斯語取名 fé, ur, þurs (財富、礦渣/雨、巨人),古英語取名 feoh, ur, þorn (財富、牛、荊棘),兩組名稱均來自原始日耳曼語 fehu, uruz, thurisaz 。
- 現代無線電話通訊和航空通訊普遍使用北約音標字母,以 Alpha, Bravo, Charlie 代表英文字母 A, B, C 等來避免理解錯誤。
- Ut queant laxis
- resonare fibris,
- Mira gestorum
- famuli tuorum,
- Solve polluti
- labii reatum,
- Sancte Iohannes.
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