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全身强直阵挛发作

全身强直阵挛发作
类型adolescence-adult electroclinical syndrome[*]generalized seizure[*]
分类和外部资源
醫學專科神经内科
ICD-118A68.4
ICD-10G40.3
ICD-9-CM345.3
MedlinePlus000695
eMedicineneuro/376
MeSHD004830
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

全身强直阵挛发作[1](generalized tonic-clonic seizure,GTCS)旧称(癫痫)大发作(grand mal seizure),是最为常见的全身型癫痫英语Generalized epilepsy;任何年龄均可发病,较常见于儿童。[2]

全身强直阵挛发作包括强直期英语tonic_(physiology)tonic phase)与阵挛期clonic phase)两部分。在强直期中,患者丧失意识,全身肌肉出现持续的强直性收缩,颈与躯干屈曲后反张,眼球上翻或凝视,双上肢上举后内收前旋,双下肢屈曲后伸直,口部张开后闭合,喉肌痉挛。强直期可持续10至20秒。此后进入阵挛期,全身肌肉节律性收缩,每次阵挛间有短暂间隔,频率逐渐放缓,间隔逐渐变长,幅度逐渐增大,最终在一次剧烈痉挛后停止。在强直期与阵挛期中,患者可伴有心率加快,血压升高,瞳孔放大,呼吸暂停,唾液、汗液等分泌增多,大小便失禁等症状。阵挛期结束后进入发作后期,患者心率、血压、瞳孔、呼级等逐渐恢复正常,意识开始清醒。醒后患者常会感到头痛、疲乏、全身酸痛等。[2][3]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 存档副本. [2024-04-10]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-10). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 何振艳,周红 (编). 《癫痫诊断与防治》. 延边人民出版社. 2001. 
  3. ^ 刘强强. 强直-阵挛发作(generalized tonic-clonic seizure, GTCS). 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院功能神经科. [永久失效連結]
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全身强直阵挛发作
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