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张介宾

張介賓(1563年—1642年),景岳,又字會卿,別號通一子,會稽山陰(今浙江紹興)人,末醫學大家。

生平

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張介賓祖籍四川綿竹。明朝初年,張家因軍功而世襲紹興衛指揮使,「食祿千戶」 ,故移居會稽城東。

張介賓父親張壽峰為定西侯蔣傅的幕僚,粗通醫理。介賓幼年時受教育於父親,得以認識《黃帝內經》。十四歲時隨父到京師遊學,於侯府中廣交天下「奇才異士」,又拜城中名醫金夢石為師。張介賓青年時,好兵書並鍾情於劍技,後來更投筆從戎,參加萬曆朝鮮之役。數年後無功而還,回鄉發憤鑽研醫理,聲名日噪,時人比之仲景東垣

他對《內經》頗有研究,同時精通《易經》理論,能將易學醫學溝通,認為“醫易同源”,是指醫理和易理都強調陰陽的變化。強調辨證求本,提出「二綱」、「六變」之說。善用熟地,強調甘溫固本,常用溫補劑,被稱為“溫補派”,亦稱他為「張熟地」。崇禎十五年卒。[1]

著述

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類經》、《類經圖翼》、《類經附翼》、《質疑錄》、《景岳全書》。

注釋

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  1. ^ 關於張介賓生卒年有多種說法,學者多引用黄宗羲《南雷文定·张景岳传》 之記載: “昔在戊寅,曾于张平子座上识景岳……神宗崩,介宾遂返越,其年五十八,又二十年始卒”,一般認定是崇禎十三年卒。(詳見黃漢儒:《关于张景岳生平及著作的若干考证》)目前已發現張介賓生前一直替祁彪佳治療瘧疾至崇禎十五年(1642),此後《祁忠敏公日記》則不再有張介賓的記載。卒年應為崇禎十五年。(詳見蔣竹山:〈疾病與醫療——從《祁忠敏公日記》看晚明士人的病醫關係〉)

參考

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张介宾
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