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库里肖夫效应

库里肖夫效应(英語:Kuleshov effect;俄語:Эффект Кулешова),也译作庫勒修效應,是电影编辑实践中关于蒙太奇的一种理论,是由当时19岁的蘇聯電影導演列夫·库里肖夫在20世纪10年代至20年代间通过库里肖夫实验得出的结论。

该效应是影视镜头语言的基礎理论,也是對愛森斯坦蒙太奇理论的證明,构成苏联蒙太奇学派的理论基础。

库里肖夫实验

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库里肖夫将无任何表情的男性(演员伊万·莫兹尤辛英语Ivan Mosjoukine)面部画面,分别剪辑接上一盆汤、一口棺材和一位小女孩的画面,观众却对这四组画面产生了不同的情感认同,认为男性的“表情”具有不同的情绪性:接上汤时他是“饥渴”的,接上棺材时他是“悲伤”的,接上小女孩时他是“愉悦、怜爱”的。[1][2]

库里肖夫效应

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库里肖夫认为,实验证明这是镜头剪辑语言所带来的表演效果,电影情绪不仅仅从单个镜头的内容来反映,而是通过多个画面之间的组合连接来暗示表达的。这一發現是對影视蒙太奇理论的證明和實踐,後來被長期應用於蘇聯蒙太奇電影學派影視劇鏡頭語言的創作。

参考文献

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  • Wallbott, H. G., In and out of context: Influences of facial expression and context information on emotion attributions; British Journal of Social Psychology, 27, p.357-369., 1988.

註釋

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  1. ^ 李杨, 论演员在长镜头中的表演 [永久失效連結]
  2. ^ 库里肖夫效应, 《时事报告》2010年 第9期, [2019-02-22], (原始内容存档于2019-02-22) 
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库里肖夫效应
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