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常袞.
常袞(729年—783年),字夷甫,京兆(今陝西西安)人,唐代官員。
先世為新丰(今陕西临潼)常氏,曾祖常毅,[1]司農卿常皆之弟。唐玄宗開元十七年(729年)出生,清儉自賢。天寶十四年(755年)乙未科狀元,[2]由太子正字授補闕起居郎。寶應二年(763年),爲翰林學士。廣德二年(764年),常袞與大興善寺不空譯經。永泰元年(765年)授中書舍人。宦官鱼朝恩恃宠专权,群臣競相邀宠,唯袞不畏朝恩,常袞上言:“成均之任,當用名儒,不宜以宦者領之。”大曆十二年(777年)拜門下侍郎、同平章事,與楊綰並掌機務,同年楊綰去世。常袞為人耿介孤僻,虽杜绝贿赂,但升降多失其人。京師有流言:“常分別,元好錢。賢者愚,愚者賢。”[3]大曆十四年(779年)唐德宗继位,崔祐甫因唐代宗的喪制與常袞发生争执,常袞將崔祐甫貶為河南少尹,並私代郭子儀和朱泚二人署名上奏,而郭、朱二人入朝時則认为不該贬谪崔祐甫。德宗聞知大怒,遂以“欺罔”罪貶常袞爲潮州(今广东潮安县)刺史。建中元年(780年)为福建观察使,在福建设乡校,提倡教育,造就欧阳詹、徐晦等士子。[4]建中四年(783年)正月廿九日卒於福州任上,同年八月葬于長安昭应县細柳原先塋。
- 曾祖常毅,杞王府司馬。
- 祖父常楚珪,慶王文學,贈兵部尚書。
- 父亲常無爲,三原县丞,贈太子太保。
- 伯父常無名,礼部员外郎。
- 叔父常無欲
- 叔父常無求
- 兄常皆,司農卿。
- 弟常裒,遂州司馬。
- ^ 《新唐书》宰相世系表载常衮出“新丰常氏,曾祖常毅。”
- ^ 于邵《与常相公书》云:“昔常陪相公乡里之举,时应神州甲乙之选。……相公当时,裒然居天下第一,愚实不佞,忝从斯列。”
- ^ 王谠《唐语林·方正》評:“及常袞為相,雖賄賂不行,而介僻自專,升降多失其人。或同列進擬稍繁,則謂之踏伯。於是京師語曰:‘常分別,元好錢。賢者愚,愚者賢。’”
- ^ 《新唐书》卷一五〇《常袞传》載:“始,闽人未知学。袞至,为设乡校,使作为文章,亲加讲导,与为客主钧礼,观游燕飨与焉,由是俗一变。”韩愈《欧阳生哀辞》:“今上初,故宰相常袞第福建諸州觀察使,治其地。袞以文辭進,有名於時,又作大官、臨菈其民。鄉鯀小民有能誦書作文辭者,袞親與之為客主之禮。觀遊宴饗、必召與之。時未幾,皆化翕然。”
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《舊唐書/卷119》,出自刘昫《舊唐書》
《新唐書·卷150》,出自《新唐書》
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