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常平仓

常平倉,中國古代官辦的糧倉,用以平抑糧價與賑災。

常平倉的構想源於春秋時代,到漢代付諸實行[1]:222漢宣帝時,耿壽昌建議在邊郡建造糧倉,穀賤時用較高價錢買入糧食,穀貴時減價賣出,稱為常平倉。漢以後歷代在「調節糧價,備荒賑恤」的名義下,常設這種糧倉[2]:532。北宋年間,常平倉的主要目的,從軍用糧餉轉向了賑濟飢荒,常平倉的設立也推廣到縣一級。明朝沒有建立全國性的常平倉系統,清朝則在康熙帝時開始建立全國性糧倉系統,遍及1300多個縣。常平倉大多在縣城中設立,由知縣直接管理,主要功能包括賑災、平穩物價,以及在歉收的年份借出種子和口糧[1]:222

參見

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參考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 馬立博(Robert Marks). 《虎、米、丝、泥:帝制晚期华南的环境与经济》. 王玉茹等譯. 南京: 江蘇人民出版社. 2011. ISBN 9787214081339 (中文(简体)). 
  2. ^ 《辭源》. 香港: 商務印書館(香港)有限公司. 1987. ISBN 9620700929 (中文(繁體)). 
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常平仓
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