For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 能隙.

能隙

帶隙(band gap)、帶溝,或稱能隙(energy gap)、能帶隙(energy band gap)、禁带宽度(width of forbidden band),在固態物理學中泛指半導體絕緣體價帶頂端至傳導帶底端的能量差距。

對一個本質半導體而言,其導電性與能隙的大小有關,只有獲得足夠能量的電子才能從價帶被激發,跨過能隙並躍遷傳導帶。利用費米-狄拉克統計可以得到電子佔據某個能階的機率。又假設是所謂的費米能階,電子佔據的機率可以利用波茲曼近似簡化為:

在上式中,是能隙的寬度、波茲曼常數,而則是溫度。

半導體材料的能隙可以利用一些工程手法加以調整,特別是在化合物半導體中,例如控制砷化鎵鋁(AlGaAs)或砷化鎵銦(InGaAs)各種元素間的比例,或是利用如分子束磊晶(Molecular Beam Epitaxy, MBE)成長出多層的磊晶材料。這類半導體材料在高速半導體元件或是光電元件,如异质结双极性晶体管(Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor, HBT)、雷射二極體,或是太陽能電池上已經成為主流。

相關議題

[编辑]
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
能隙
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?