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帝太后.
帝太后,是僅見於中國古代的太后位號,為等同於皇太后的變體位號。
西漢漢哀帝登基後,尊漢成帝皇后趙飛燕為皇太后、皇太后王政君為太皇太后;時哀帝生母丁姬、祖母傅氏俱在,皆有資格稱皇太后、太皇太后,但僅有的兩個太后名號已經被趙飛燕與王政君所使用,為尊封生母、祖母,哀帝於是制定新名號,尊生母丁姬為恭皇后、祖母傅氏為恭皇太后,不久,兩人又分別改尊為帝太后與帝太太后(後傅氏又改號皇太太后),於是,皇太后最早的變體「帝太后」由此生焉。
後世仍有部分朝代,由於有資格稱皇太后者為複數、又徽號系統不甚完備,仍使用帝太后一號以區別之。下列為所有被尊為帝太后的女性:
- 《史記》/卷085:「始皇十九年,太后(趙姬)薨,諡為帝太后,與莊襄王會葬茝陽。」
- 《漢書》/卷097下:「成帝崩,哀帝即位......高昌侯董宏希指,上書言宜立丁姬為帝太后。......尊定陶恭王為恭皇。哀帝因是曰:「《春秋》『母以子貴』,尊傅太后為恭皇太后,丁姬為恭皇后......後歲余,遂下詔曰:「漢家之制,推親親以顯尊尊,定陶恭皇之號不宜復稱定陶。其尊恭皇太后為帝太太后,丁后為帝太后。」後又更號帝太太后為皇太太后......」
- 《北史》/卷014:「庚戌,上天元上皇太后(阿史那皇后)尊號為太皇太后。天元聖皇太后李氏(李娥姿)為太帝太后,天元大皇后楊氏(楊麗華)為皇太后,天大皇后朱氏(朱滿月)為帝太后。」
- 《晉書》/卷102:「......(劉聰)永嘉四年僭即皇帝位,大赦境內,改元光興。尊元海妻單氏曰皇太后,其母張氏為帝太后.....」
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