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工分制

工分制,西方也称作劳动凭据劳动支票(英語:Labour voucher),是社会主义的一种根据劳动程度而管理物品需求的手段。与资本主义中的货币有一定的相似性,但不可交换。

中國人民公社時期曾採用这種分配制度,工分依農民的工作時間來計算,單位的生產收穫所得依工分分配給農民。

在工分制中,工分是衡量员参加集团劳动数量与质量的尺度,也是分配劳动报酬的尺度。一般而言,一个社员从生产队裡收入的多少,除了取决于其所得工分的多少,还由每个工分值的多少决定。工分值一般不是预先规定的,而是根据生产队全年收益的多少来确定[1]

中华人民共和国乡镇企业,早期也有采用工分制分配劳动报酬的。这种情况下,采取“劳动在,分配在,年终结算”的分配办法,即在厂劳动每天记工分,季末或年终按企业盈利情况计算出每个工分的分值,进行结算[2]

另見

參考資料

  1. ^ 《政治经济学名词解释》编写组. 政治经济学名词解释. 长春: 吉林人民出版社. 1978: 265. 
  2. ^ 刘杰三;王文华. 中国工资管理辞典. 中国劳动出版社. 1996: 575. ISBN 7-5045-1858-1. 

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工分制
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