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寧化老鼠乾

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寧化老鼠乾中国福建省宁化县的一種肉乾,由田鼠和山鼠烤成,屬於客家人食品,閩西八大乾之一。

典故

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宁化属山区农业县,田野宽广[1]。客家先民來到宁化石壁后,发现路隘、林深、苔滑、山多林多、田多粮多、人口稀少、物质不丰富。老百姓上山种植香菇,田里、山脚多種稻穀和薯類作物,但是田鼠為數衆多,鼠害猖獗,香菇和農作物經常受到田鼠的破壞。為了解決鼠害,村民大量捕捉田鼠,並嘗試用熏鯉魚乾的方法熏烤老鼠乾。由於老鼠乾香味撲鼻,並可以長時間貯存不變質,村民從此捕捉田鼠製作食用[2]

每年冬季,当地农民用鼠夹专捕田鼠和山鼠,烤成老鼠乾,肉质鲜美,天然绿色,特别受当地人欢迎[1]

製作方式

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立冬后捕得田鼠、山鼠,经蒸煮、脱皮、剖腹,去肠肚后,将肉、肝、心共置于盛有米饭或细糖的热锅中熏烤成乾,鼠干光亮透红,通常烹成爆炒地猴等菜式。[3]

文化

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寧化老鼠乾蛋白質含量高、營養豐富,有補腎之效,有一定的藥用價值。[2]

寧化老鼠乾是“閩西八大乾”之一[3]。宁化人爱把老鼠干当配酒上品。主人平时舍不得吃,一般只有客人上门时,主人才会将老鼠乾切块,配以猪肉(或腊肉)、冬笋,佐以大蒜、生姜、黄酒,下锅爆炒[1]

寧化老鼠乾也會出口[3]。每至春节,越来越多宁化人爱把老鼠乾和鲤鱼乾当成年货,早早备足,与亲朋好友一起分享,有时也作为赠送佳品[1]

參考資料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 赖全平; 罗鸣文. 春节临近宁化老鼠干走俏 年货必备(图). 三明日报. 2016-02-04 [2020-03-16]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-08). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 徐维群. 客家文化符号论. 廈門大學出版社. 2017: 76 [2020-03-16]. ISBN 978-7-5615-6362-5. (原始内容存档于2021-05-08). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 一片柔肠和肝胆相照 中华十大“怪吃” (7). 人民網. 2006-12-09 [2020-03-16]. (原始内容存档于2007-01-25). 
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寧化老鼠乾
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