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容像

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中國時期傳統家族的歷代祖先容像畫。

容像,即容像畫,為中國歷史上古代人物肖像畫的一種表現形式,以擬真的畫工記錄具體某個人物的音容相貌。於民間以祖先容像最為普遍,兩朝私修家譜盛行,宗族意識與祭祖風氣日益盛行於民間,宗族晚輩在直系尊長臨終或初亡之後,會延請畫師繪製祖先生前遺容懸設於家中祭祀,古代稱為「寫真」,為祖先崇拜的文化中同牌位一樣是最重要的信物。[1]部分人士因功於社稷而深得民心,有百姓自發為之立生祠、繪容像之記錄。[2]在傳統漢字文化圈君主的容像稱為「御容」或「御真」。在照相技術尚未問世時,容像是中國古代逼真記錄個人相貌神情的唯一方法。[3]

樣式

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容像画有多种表现形式,如头像、半身像、全身坐像、全身站像等;表现的人物有单人、双人(如:夫妇容像)、多人(如:祖孙歷代數輩人共於一幅的容像)等多款樣式。

相關條目

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ 陆林汉. “祭如在”——中国艺术研究院院藏明清祖容像研究. 澎湃新聞. 2022-12-29 [2023-07-20]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-20) (中文). 
  2. ^ 石谷風. 徽州容像艺术. 中國: 安徽美术出版社. 2001 (中文). 
  3. ^ 安徽中国徽州文化博物馆编. 徽州容像. 中國: 北京聯合出版公司. 2020-12-01 (中文). 
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