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消夜

夜市

消夜(亦為夜消,俗作宵夜夜宵)。一般是在晚餐後至睡前的點心,時間介於11點後與隔天清晨6點前。[1]但現代城市人出於工作或夜生活,消夜的菜色或份量,有時已跟晚餐無分別,不過一般消夜的內容,仍有別於正餐,例如甜湯小炒

辭源典故

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消夜」一詞,本指用酒食消磨夜晚,後引申為「深宵小吃」的意思。此詞最早見於唐代方幹的詩《冬夜泊僧舍》之中「無酒能消夜,隨僧早閉門」一句,以及宋代吳自牧《夢粱錄.卷六.除夜》:「是日,內司意思局,進呈精巧消夜果子合,合內簇諸般細果、時果、蜜煎、糖煎及市食」(「合」通「盒」)。[2]

「消夜」這個詞語亦見於從唐代到民國的不少古籍,包括唐代方幹的詩《冬夜泊僧舍》(另說唐代任翻《冬暮野寺》)、宋代周邦彥《關河令》、宋代吳潛《永遇樂.再和》、宋代周密《武林舊事.卷三.歲除》、元代孟漢卿《張孔目智勘魔合羅》、明代長谷真逸《農田餘話》、明代蘭陵笑笑生金瓶梅》、清代孔尚任《甲午元旦》清代金農《冬心先生集》,及清末劉光第《夜泛寶華寺下》等等。

清代開始,消夜一詞有時又寫為「夜消」,例如吳敬梓儒林外史》就有一句「三人點起燈來,打點夜消。」及後「夜消」這個倒寫亦偶爾於一些文學作品出現。由於消夜是深宵小吃,加上中國大陸有些地方小食,又以「宵」為名(例如元宵及宵米),因此現代又產生了「宵夜」及「夜宵」兩個俗寫。

今天廣東人仍保留以「消夜」作動詞的古代用法,亦是古代正確用法,不過在中國本土非粤语区,此語已轉為只作名詞解。近年马来西亚华语则多用「宵夜」一词。

參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ 消夜. [2011-04-09]. (原始内容存档于2015-06-04). 
  2. ^ 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. 消夜(xiāo yè). 中華民國教育部. [2018-04-16]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-24). 
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消夜
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