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宋 (韓林兒)

(1355年-1366年),史称韩宋,是元末农民起义的漢人政权

歷史

元顺帝至正十一年(1351年),白莲教韩山童自称宋徽宗八世孙,与刘福通等人召集河工起义,五月被颍州官吏发觉,韩山童被杀。其后刘福通召集部众,仍旧发动起义。

建国

韩宋政权发行的龙凤通宝

至正十五年(1355年)二月,刘福通等以韩山童的儿子韩林儿为皇帝,号“小明王”,立国号为,称“日月重开大宋天”,有恢复宋朝之意,年号龙凤,建都亳州。韩林儿母杨氏为皇太后,杜遵道盛文郁为丞相,罗文素、刘福通为平章,刘六知枢密院事。不久,刘福通就杀害了杜遵道,于是刘福通便做了丞相。军称红巾军,发动三路北伐。

占领汴梁

龙凤四年(1358年)占领汴梁,并迁都之,但旋即遭到元军察罕帖木儿等人的反攻。龙凤五年(1359年)开封城破,韩林儿逃至安丰(今安徽寿县),母杨太后、皇后、某皇子都被俘,押送京师处决。

末路

龙凤九年(1363年),张士诚派部将吕珍围攻安丰,刘福通战死,韩林儿被朱元璋救出。此后,韩林儿被朱元璋安置在滁州,仍然被奉为皇帝,但實際上由朱元璋掌握政權。

龙凤十二年(1366年),朱元璋派廖永忠迎接韩林儿至应天(今江苏省南京市),途中在瓜步渡长江时,韩林儿所乘船只沉没,韩林儿遇难。韩宋灭亡,次年朱元璋改称元年,接掌政權。

参考书籍

元史紀事本末卷四

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宋 (韓林兒)
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