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安妮女王復仇號

34°41′44″N 76°41′20″W / 34.69556°N 76.68889°W / 34.69556; -76.68889

1736年繪製的插圖
历史
French merchant flag法國
艦名 La Concorde
下水日 ca. 1710
历史
Blackbeard's flag黑鬍子海盜團
结局 1718年6月10日在北卡羅來納州博福特擱淺
技术数据
載重噸位 200 bm
全長 31.4米(103英尺)
全寬 7.1米(23英尺)
乘員 300以內
武器裝備 據稱有40門大炮[1]
Queen Anne's Revenge
安妮女王復仇號在北卡罗来纳州的位置
安妮女王復仇號
最近城市大西洋海灘
建于ca. 1710
NRHP编号04000148[2]
NRHP收录2004年9月3日

安妮女王復仇號(Queen Anne's Revenge) 是18世紀海盜黑鬍子旗艦。常見的說法是這艘船原為1710年在布里斯托爾建造的一艘商船“和諧號”(Concord) [3],但這一說法可能並不正確。[4]

不過可以肯定的是,在被黑鬍子于1717年11月28日奪取之前,它曾被法國人用作武裝商船用以運輸奴隸。得到這艘船之後,黑鬍子用它搶劫了許多財富,但他只用了這艘船不到一年時間。[5]

1718年6月10日,黑鬍子駕駛的安妮女王復仇號在北卡羅來納上桅帆灣(Topsail Inlet,今博福特灣)擱淺。擱淺之後黑鬍子和他的船員換用了別的小船。1996年11月21日,安妮女王復仇號的殘骸在梅肯堡州立公園(Fort Macon State Park)沿海8.5米(28英尺)深的水下發現,後被列入美國國家史蹟名錄

重新發現

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1996年11月21日,一家叫做“Intersal Inc.”的私人公司在梅肯堡州立公園(Fort Macon State Park,34°41′44″N 76°41′20″W)沿海8.5米(28英尺)深的水下發現了這艘船的殘骸[6][7][8][9],海洋考古學家大衛·摩爾(David Moore)為此次行動提供了幫助[10]。船上只發現了31門火炮,火炮大小不一,產地也不一(包括瑞典、英格蘭,可能還包括法國),此外還有250,000件其他物品[11]

1998年,該公司與北卡羅來納自然和文化資源部(North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources)、海洋研究所(Maritime Research Institute)達成共識[12],同意放棄船上金幣和其他貴重金屬的所有權,以保證沉船遺址的完整。作為回報,該公司獲得了安妮女王復仇號的複製權等其他權益[13][14]

2011年8月29日,國家地理學會報道稱北卡羅來納州政府正式承認這艘沉船就是安妮女王復仇號。[15]

參考文獻

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  1. ^ Pirate Arms and Armament | Queen Anne's Revenge Project. www.qaronline.org. [2019-05-29]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-02). 
  2. ^ National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2010-07-09. 
  3. ^ Queen Anne's Revenge - Story of Blackbeard's Ship. www.thewayofthepirates.com. [8 May 2018]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-23). 
  4. ^ Kircher, Kenneth W. 2017 Queen Anne’s Revenge: A Systems Analysis of Blackbeard’s Flagship. MA Thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, Columbia.
  5. ^ Brian Handwerk. "Blackbeard's Ship" Yields New Clues to Pirate Mystery. National Geographic. 2005-07-12 [2011-05-27]. (原始内容存档于2011-10-15). 
  6. ^ QAR Discovered. lat3440.com. Intersal, Inc. [30 August 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-17). 
  7. ^ In Shipwreck Linked to Pirate, State Sees a Tourism Treasure. The New York Times. [2019-06-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-04-04). 
  8. ^ White, Fred A. East Carolina Dive and Historical Recovery Team, Beaufort Inlet and Oregon Inlet Surveys, 1982 Field Reports. East Carolina Dive and Historical Recovery Team. [14 November 2010]. 
  9. ^ Globe-trotting archaeologist finds treasure right under his feet. East Carolina University. August 19, 2013 [June 21, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-08). 
  10. ^ Gray, Nancy. Maps and microfilm: tools of a Blackbeard sleuth. The ECU Report. February 1998 [November 22, 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011-11-23). 
  11. ^ Archived copy. [March 27, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-07-09). 
  12. ^ Queen Anne's Revenge Fact Sheet (PDF). qaronline.org. [2019-06-04]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-10-04). 
  13. ^ Blackbeard's Queen Anne's Revenge Shipwreck Project. Nautilus Productions. [2019-06-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-04). 
  14. ^ Mediated Settlement Agreement. Scribd.com. [2019-06-04]. (原始内容存档于2015-04-13). 
  15. ^ Drye, Willie. Blackbeard's Ship Confirmed off North Carolina. Daily News. National Geographic. August 29, 2011 [August 29, 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011-09-25). 

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安妮女王復仇號
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