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他莫昔芬

他莫昔芬
臨床資料
商品名英语Drug nomenclatureNolvadex, Genox, Tamifen, others[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682414
懷孕分級
给药途径Oral
ATC碼
法律規範狀態
法律規範
藥物動力學數據
血漿蛋白結合率99%
药物代谢肝臟 (CYP3A4, 2C9 and 2D6)
生物半衰期5-7 days[2]
排泄途徑Faeces (65%), urine (9%)
识别信息
  • (Z)-2-[4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
CAS号10540-29-1  checkY
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard英语CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.031.004 編輯維基數據鏈接
化学信息
化学式C26H29NO
摩尔质量371.515 g/mol
563.638 g/mol (檸檬酸鹽)
3D模型(JSmol英语JSmol
  • CN(C)CCOc1ccc(cc1)/C(c2ccccc2)=C(/CC)c3ccccc3
  • InChI=1S/C26H29NO/c1-4-25(21-11-7-5-8-12-21)26(22-13-9-6-10-14-22)23-15-17-24(18-16-23)28-20-19-27(2)3/h5-18H,4,19-20H2,1-3H3/b26-25- checkY
  • Key:NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N checkY

他莫昔芬INN:Tamoxifen),常見商品名Nolvadex(諾瓦得士),可用於治療或預防乳癌[3],目前仍在研究本品對於其他癌症的效果[3]。本品可用來治療 馬-亞二氏症英语Albright syndrome。他莫昔芬治療乳癌的療程通常為每日口服,持續五年。[4]對於Estrogen receptor-positive的男性乳癌患者而言,標準的內分泌治療是以他莫昔芬治療 5-10 年,治療時間的長短會因個人差異(如復發風險和副作用等)而有所不同。此外,轉移性乳癌患者使用他莫昔芬輔助治療後有較佳的生存率。[5]

嚴重副作用包含子宮癌中風、視力問題,以及肺栓塞。常見副作用包含亂經、體重減輕,以及潮熱妊娠哺乳期間用藥會傷害胎兒[4]。男性使用他莫昔芬的副作用可能包括靜脈栓塞、白內障、性功能不全、情緒低落、睡眠障礙、潮紅和腿部抽筋[5],使病患依照醫囑服用藥物的意願降低,所以未能完整治療。[6]本品屬於選擇性雌激素受體調節物 (SERM),可減少乳房細胞的增生,並增加抑制乳腺的因子[4][7]。本品在化學結構上歸為 三苯乙烯類化合物。[8]

他莫昔芬於1967年首次發現,並列名於 世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单,為基礎公衛體系必備藥物之一。本品屬於通用名药物,在開發中國家每日劑量批發價約0.07至0.23美金。[9]在美國每日劑量約為2美金[10]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ NCI Drug Dictionary. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015-12-08). 
  2. ^ Tamoxifen. Drugs.com. [2017-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-16). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Tamoxifen Citrate. NCI. August 26, 2015 [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-01-04). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Tamoxifen Citrate. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [27 Nov 2015]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-09). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Sharon H. Giordano, M.D., M.P.H. Breast cancer in men. The New England Journal of Medicine. June 14, 2018: 2316 [2020-12-14]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-23). 
  6. ^ E. Wibowo; P. A. Pollock; N. Hollis; R. J. Wassersug. Tamoxifen in men: a review ofadverse events: 779. 2016-03-12. 
  7. ^ Selective estrogen receptor modulators. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2017-05-01). 
  8. ^ Dueñas-Díez, edited by Antonio Cano Sanchez, Joaquim Calaf i Alsina, José-Luis. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators a New Brand of Multitarget Drugs. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 2006: 52 [2017-03-15]. ISBN 9783540347422. (原始内容存档于2017-09-08). 
  9. ^ Tamoxifen Citrate. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [28 November 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-01-09). 
  10. ^ Jordan VC. Tamoxifen (ICI46,474) as a targeted therapy to treat and prevent breast cancer. British Journal of Pharmacology. Jan 2006,. 147 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S269–76. PMC 1760730可免费查阅. PMID 16402113. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706399. 

外部連結

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他莫昔芬
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