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孙过庭

孫過庭親自書寫的《書譜

孙过庭(646年—691年),虔礼[註 1],自称吴郡人,一说富阳(今杭州市富阳区)人(三国时富阳属吴郡),一说陈留人。唐代書法家

生平

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其生平不见新旧唐书记载,唐朝时只有陈子昂写过《率府录事孙君墓志铭》和《率府录事孙录事文》两篇文章,由此可以推断他最高曾任率府录事这一个小官。其中《率府录事孙君墓志铭》提到他“遇暴疾卒于洛阳植业里之客舍”。[1]

成就

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孙过庭擅长书法,工楷书行书草书,尤其是他的草书学习王羲之,笔法精熟,在唐代首屈一指,唐高宗曾经评价他“过庭小字足以迷乱羲、献”;陈子昂为他写的墓志铭说:“元常既殁,墨妙不传,君之遗翰,旷代同仙”,把他比作锺繇唐代的《续书评》提到他:“过庭草书如悬崖绝壑, 笔势劲健”;宋代的《宣和书谱》说他:“得名翰墨,间作草书咄咄逼羲献,尤妙于用笔”。

孙过庭不仅是书法家,还是具有重大意义的书法理论家,为中国书法理论奠定了基本框架。他认为书法内容是随着时代而兴起的,形式是因为世俗而变化的。他主张书法风格应融合各种风格兼取其长。从哲学角度分析了书法创作的变易关系。

作品

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他的传世作品为垂拱三年(公元687年)自己亲自书写创作的《书谱》,原为两卷,传到明代时被严嵩装订为一卷,后被宫收藏,并作为书法理论著作收入《四库全书》,原本现藏臺北國立故宮博物院

另外有传为他书写的草书千字文》,是後世的仿本,现藏于中国辽宁博物馆

参考资料

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  1. ^ 李贵明. 孙过庭《书谱》创作思想及相关研究[D].中国美术学院,2012.

注释

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  1. ^ 一说名虔礼,字过庭,以字行
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孙过庭
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