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孙蕡.
孙蕡[1]（1334年—1389年），字仲衍，广东顺德人，元末明初政治人物。
元惠宗元统二年（1334年）出生，[2]於書無所不讀，與趙介、王佐、黃哲、李德合稱“南園五先生”。[3]洪武三年（1370年）舉於鄉，[4]授工部織染局使。六年，出京為虹縣主簿。九年，遣监祀四川。洪武十年（1377年）补平原主簿。洪武十三年（1380年）罢归乡里。[5]洪武十五年复起为苏州经历，洪武二十二年谪戍辽东，是年以黨禍被殺，年五十六岁，有絕命詩：“鼍鼔三聲畢，西山日又斜。黄泉無旅店，今夜宿誰家。”另說於洪武二十六年之藍玉案被殺。[6]
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《明史卷二百八十五》，出自《明史》
- ^ 音fén
- ^ 孙蕡《西庵集》卷五《乙卯除夕》“四十今已过二年”句推知生年。
- ^ 朱彝尊《静志居诗话》中说：“自蕡以下，世所称南园五先生也。仲衍才调杰出四人，五古远师汉魏，近体亦不失唐音，歌行尤琳琅可诵。”
- ^ 朱彝尊：《曝书亭集》卷六三《孙蕡传》
- ^ 孙蕡《和归去来辞》中有“归去来兮，离家十年今始归”之句。
- ^ 黃佐《广州人物传》卷十二“孙蕡”条：“二十二年，以事谪辽东。怡然就道，酌酒赋诗无异平日。时都帅梅思祖节镇三韩，素闻蕡名，迎置家塾，是年竟以党祸见杀。人皆劝其以疏自明，蕡不答，歌一诗长啸以就刑。天下冤之。年五十有六。”據《明史》本傳載梅思祖卒於洪武十五年，亦未嘗鎮遼東，黃佐此說不確。另說孫蕡死於藍玉案。如《明史》卷三八六：“复坐累遣戍辽东，已，大治蓝玉党，蕡尝为玉题画，遂论死。临刑，作诗长讴而逝，天下莫不惜之。”谈迁《国榷》称：“乙酉太子太傅凉国公蓝玉谋大逆，族诛……坐党论死者，可二万人。知名之士，若南海孙蕡、长洲王行，皆在诛中。”又蔣一葵《堯山堂外紀》卷七九，朱彝尊《曝书亭集》 卷六十三等書皆稱孫蕡因藍玉案被誅殺。四库全书《西庵集》提要則具列此二說，當時眾說紛云，已無從斷定：“《明兴杂记》云：高皇诛蓝玉籍，其家凡有只字往来皆得罪，蕡因与玉题一画，故杀之……郡邑传云皆谓蕡死以梅思祖非蓝玉，岂《杂记》别有考与？”
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