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字符实体引用

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字符实体引用(character entity reference), 是标记语言 SGMLHTML中对字符的一种转义序列表示, 通过文件类型描述(DTD)中预定义且明确声明的SGML命名实体英语SGML entity的引用来描述Unicode字符. 其目的是对当前文档的编码方式不能包含的字符,提供一种转义表示。这种方法也被称作"实体引用"(entity references)甚至"实体"(entity), 虽然这种说法是不妥当的.

一个实体声明通过<!ENTITY name "value">DTD或XML语法来创建。实体声明中定义的名字可以在随后的XML中使用.

字符实体引用的格式是:

&name;

其中name是实体的名字,最后的分号;是必需的.

XML 1.0 预定义字符实体引用:

名字 字符值引用 字符 十进制编码 含义
quot &#34; " x22 (34) 双引号
amp &#38; & x26 (38) &
apos &#39; ' x27 (39) 撇号
lt &#60; < x3C (60) 小于号
gt &#62; > x3E (62) 大于号

完整的XML与HTML预定义的字符实体引用详见:XML与HTML字符实体引用列表

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