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孔徑角

薄透鏡的焦距為 ,孔徑直徑為 ,孔徑角為

一個透鏡孔徑角是從焦點朝著透鏡望去,孔徑所佔的角度

其中,焦距 是孔徑的直徑。

數值孔徑

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在一個折射率接近 1 的介質裏,像在空氣裏,孔徑角大約是透鏡的數值孔徑 (numerical aperture) 的兩倍[1]

在空氣裏,數值孔徑 是:

假設小孔徑, ,用傍軸近似 (paraxial approximation) ,可以得到

參閱

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ Albert Abraham Michelson. Studies in Optics. Courier Dover. 1995: 32. ISBN 0486687007. 
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孔徑角
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