For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 孑遗.

孑遗

生物地理学古生物学中,孑遗殘存残遗残留,是指某一地质年代很普遍或非常多样化的生物群类群,后来几乎灭绝,现仅残留的个别分子或此现象[1]。孑遗的物种称为孑遗种,孑遗的称为孑遗属,孑遗的生物则称孑遗生物。

孑遗种(relict species)又称残存种,狭义上指的是因新生代第四纪发生了多次冰川活动,地球北方物种扩张领域至现代温暖地带,当冰川活动结束或后续地壳变动,其分布缩减至孤立地区形成孤立族群,大多数或全部其他亲缘类群族群却灭绝,只剩这些少数孤立族群继续生存演化,而保存至今的古老物种。由于长时期演化的结果,现今的孑遗种与其远古时期原初物种可能有不同程度的差异。

广义上的孑遗生物包含了任何远古时代就存在,而现今仍有残存族群的生物,其中包含了活化石;在其漫长的演化史中,经历了一次或数次灭绝事件,大部分族群已灭绝,仅剩稀少残存而地理孤立的族群,但不应包括仍广泛大量存在的活化石(例如蟑螂蜻蜓)。

分型

[编辑]

孑遗种常分为两个类型[1]

  • 分类学孑遗种:系统发生古老且多样性的类群,而现代种系孤立的类群或现存种。
  • 地理学孑遗种:历史上分布广泛,而现在分布区狭窄且演化历史较长的类群或其后代。

狭义上的孑遗植物

[编辑]

狭义上的孑遗动物

[编辑]

参见

[编辑]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Zhao, Wanyi; Liu, Zhongcheng; Wang, Lei; Fan, Qiang; Liu, Jia; Liao, Wenbo. The endemism and relict property of spermatophyte flora of the Luoxiao Mountains. Biodiversity Science. 2020-07-20, 28 (7): 854. doi:10.17520/biods.2019263. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
孑遗
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?