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子张 (郑穆公之孙).
子张 |
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字 | 子张 別字:伯张 |
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本名 | 姓:姬 名:黑肱 |
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活跃时期 | 春秋时期 |
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知名于 | 郑卿 |
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儿女 | 印段 |
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父母 | 父:子印 |
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子张(?—前551年),姬姓,名黑肱,字子张[1],又字伯张,又称公孙黑肱,是子印的儿子,郑穆公的孙子[2],郑国的卿。
前595年夏季,因为邲之战中郑国帮助过楚国的缘故,晋景公进攻郑国。晋国人通告诸侯,蒐礼阅兵后回国。郑国害怕,派子张到楚国代替子良做人质。[3]
前555年,晋国集合诸侯进攻齐国的平阴,子蟜、伯有、子张跟随郑简公进攻齐国。[4][5]
前551年九月,子张生了病,他把封邑归还给郑简公,召来室老、宗人立了印段为继承人,而且让他裁减家臣,祭祀从简。通常的祭祀用羊一只,盛大的祭祀用少牢,留下足以供给祭祀的土地,其余的全部归还给郑简公。子张对印段说:“我听说,生在乱世,地位尊贵却忍受贫穷,不向百姓求取什么,这就能够在别人之后灭亡。你要恭敬地事奉国君和诸位大夫。警戒可以使人生存和发展,而富有却做不到。”九月二十五日,子张去世。君子评价道:“子张善于警戒。《诗经》说:‘谨慎地使用你公侯的法度,用以警戒意外’,子张恐怕是做到了吧!”[6]
- ^ 《春秋经传集解·襄公十八年》:子张,公孙黑肱。
- ^ 《春秋经传集解·宣公十四年》:子张,穆公孙。
- ^ 《左传·宣公十四年》:夏,晋侯伐郑,为邲故也。告於诸侯,蒐焉而还。中行桓子之谋也。曰:“示之以整,使谋而来。”郑人惧,使子张代子良于楚。
- ^ 《春秋·襄公十八年》:冬,十月,公会晋侯、宋公、卫侯、郑伯、曹伯、莒子、邾子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾子同围齐。
- ^ 《左传·襄公十八年》:于是子蟜、伯有、子张从郑伯伐齐,子孔、子展、子西守。
- ^ 《左传·襄公二十二年》:九月,郑公孙黑肱有疾,归邑于公。召室老、宗人立段,而使黜官、薄祭。祭以特羊,殷以少牢。足以共祀,尽归其余邑。曰:“吾闻之,生于乱世,贵而能贫,民无求焉,可以后亡。敬共事君,与二三子。生在敬戒,不在富也。”己巳,伯张卒。君子曰:“善戒。《诗》曰:‘慎尔侯度,用戒不虞。’郑子张其有焉。”
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