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網巢病毒目

網巢病毒目
電子顯微鏡下的冠狀病毒顆粒
病毒分類 编辑
(未分级) 病毒 Virus
域: 核糖病毒域 Riboviria
界: 正核糖病毒界 Orthornavirae
门: 小核糖病毒门 Pisuviricota
纲: 小南嵌套病毒纲 Pisoniviricetes
目: 套式病毒目 Nidovirales
亞目與科
  • 詳見內文

网巢病毒目学名Nidovirales)又稱成套病毒目套式病毒目,是正單鏈RNA病毒的一個,包含感染脊椎動物魚類兩生類爬行類鳥類哺乳類)和無脊椎動物扁形動物節肢動物軟體動物)的病毒[1]。網巢病毒目的病毒基因組為不分段的線性單鏈RNA,具5′端帽多腺苷酸尾[2],基因組較小者僅12,700nt(某些動脈炎病毒),大者則約30,000nt(如冠狀病毒),基因組最大的RNA病毒渦蟲分泌細胞網巢病毒(PSCNV)即為本目的病毒,共長41,103nt[3]。網巢病毒目的學名來自拉丁文的nido(意指「巢」),得名自本目病毒感染時會轉錄產生成套的次基因組RNA英语subgenomic mRNA[4]

分類

1996年有學者將冠狀病毒科動脈炎病毒科合併為一新目,即網巢病毒目,後來前者一度被分成冠狀病毒亞科環曲病毒亞科英语Torovirus,近年兩者都被提升至科的層級;2002年本目第一個感染無脊椎動物的科桿狀網巢病毒科被發表,以對蝦為宿主[5][6]。目前國際病毒分類委員會(ICTV)將網巢病毒目分為8個亞目共14個科,其中8個科以脊椎動物為宿主,6個科以無脊椎動物為宿主[7][8]

  • 深海網巢病毒亞目 Abnidovirineae
  • 動脈炎網巢病毒亞目 Arnidovirineae
  • 冠狀網巢病毒亞目 Cornidovirineae
  • 中套病毒亞目 Mesnidovirineae
    • Medioniviridae:感染軟體動物與海鞘
    • 中套病毒科 Mesoniviridae:感染節肢動物(蚊子)
  • Monidovirineae
  • Nanidovirinae
    • Nanghoshaviridae:感染魚類
    • Nanhypoviridae:感染魚類
  • 桿狀套病毒亞目 Ronidovirineae
  • 托巴套氏病毒亞目 Tornidovirineae

參考文獻

  1. ^ Ogando, Natacha S.; Ferron, Francois; Decroly, Etienne; Canard, Bruno; Posthuma, Clara C.; Snijder, Eric J. The Curious Case of the Nidovirus Exoribonuclease: Its Role in RNA Synthesis and Replication Fidelity. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2019, 10: 1813. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 6693484可免费查阅. PMID 31440227. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01813可免费查阅. 
  2. ^ King, Andrew M. Q.; Adams, Michael J.; Carstens, Eric B.; Lefkowitz, Elliot J. (编), Order - Nidovirales, Virus Taxonomy (Elsevier), 2012-01-01: 784–794 [2020-06-08], ISBN 978-0-12-384684-6, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-384684-6.00066-5, (原始内容存档于2021-12-20) 
  3. ^ Saberi, Amir; Gulyaeva, Anastasia A.; Brubacher, John L.; Newmark, Phillip A.; Gorbalenya, Alexander E. A planarian nidovirus expands the limits of RNA genome size. PLOS Pathogens. 2018-11-01, 14 (11): e1007314. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 6211748可免费查阅. PMID 30383829. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007314. 
  4. ^ Antoine A.F. de Vries, Marian C. Horzinek, Peter J. M. Rottier, Raoul J. de Groot. The Genome Organization of the Nidovirales: Similarities and Differences between Arteri-, Toro-, and Coronaviruses. Seminars in Virology. 1997, 8 (1): 33–47. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.462.1825可免费查阅. PMC 7128191可免费查阅. PMID 32288441. S2CID 85383257. doi:10.1006/smvy.1997.0104. 
  5. ^ Gulyaeva, Anastasia A.; Gorbalenya, Alexander E. A nidovirus perspective on SARS-CoV-2. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. January 2021, 538: 24–34. PMC 7664520可免费查阅. PMID 33413979. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.015. 
  6. ^ Zandi M. Planarian secretory cell nidovirus: The largest genome of RNA viruses.. Rev Med Virol. 2021: e2293. PMID 34499786. doi:10.1002/rmv.2293. 
  7. ^ Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release. talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. [30 April 2020]. (原始内容存档于2020-03-20). 
  8. ^ Zhou Z, Qiu Y, Ge X. The taxonomy, host range and pathogenicity of coronaviruses and other viruses in the Nidovirales order.. Anim Dis. 2021, 1 (1): 5. PMC 8062217可免费查阅. PMID 34778878. doi:10.1186/s44149-021-00005-9. 

外部連結

  • Nidovirales页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)—ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
  • 醫學主題詞表(MeSH)Nidovirales
  • NIH/MeSH
  • "The Nidoviruses" ISBN 0306466341
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網巢病毒目
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