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太初元将.
太初元将
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政权 |
西汉
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君主 |
汉哀帝刘欣
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历时 |
3个月
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太初元将(前5年六月-八月)是西汉时期汉哀帝刘欣的第二个年号,共计3个月。这个年号也是第一个使用四个字的年号。
建平二年(前5年)六月夏贺良等以谶纬之言,说汉朝要中衰,应该改元易号,重新受命。于是汉哀帝下诏大赦天下,以建平二年为太初元将元年。同年八月,汉哀帝以其言无验,下诏曰(《资治通鉴·卷第三十四》):
“待诏贺良等建言改元易号,增益漏刻,可以永安国家。朕信道不笃,过听其言,冀为百姓获福,卒无嘉应。夫过而不改,是谓过矣!六月甲子诏书,非赦令,皆蠲除之。贺良等反道惑众,奸态当穷竟。”
于是又改回建平二年。
《汉书·哀帝本纪》的部分版本中没有“元将”两字,只写作太初元年。王先谦等大多数学者认为这是后人不知道是四个字的年号,以为错误而删除“元将”两字。在更早的版本(唐本)中有“元将”两字。辛德勇考证,班固原文没有“元将”二字,宋人据《汉书·王莽传》补入“元将”二字。班固因个人习惯或当时社会称用年号的固有习惯,将“太初元将”省作“太初”[1]。
注释
- ^ 辛德勇《所谓“天凤三年鄣郡都尉”砖铭文与秦“故鄣郡”的名称以及莽汉之际的年号问题》,原分上下两部分刊于《文史》2011年第1、2期,后收入氏著《建元与改元——西汉新莽年号研究》。
参看
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| 西汉 | 建元BC140-BC135 → 元光BC134-BC129 → 元朔BC128-BC123 → 元狩BC122-BC117 → 元鼎BC116-BC111 → 元封BC110-BC104 → 太初BC104-BC101 → 天漢BC100-BC97 → 太始BC96-BC93 → 征和BC92-BC89 → 後元BC88-BC87 → 始元BC86-BC80 → 元凤BC80-BC75 → 元平BC74 → 本始BC73-BC70 → 地节BC69-BC66 → 元康BC65-BC61 → 神爵BC61-BC58 → 五凤BC57-BC54 → 甘露BC53-BC50 → 黄龙BC49 → 初元BC48-BC44 → 永光BC43-BC39 → 建昭BC38-BC34 → 竟宁BC33 → 建始BC32-BC28 → 河平BC28-BC25 → 阳朔BC24-BC21 → 鸿嘉BC20-BC17 → 永始BC16-BC13 → 元延BC12-BC9 → 绥和BC8-BC7 → 建平BC6-BC5 → 太初元将BC5 → 建平BC5-BC3 → 元寿BC2-BC1 → 元始1-5 → 居摄6-8 → 初始8 |
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| 新朝 | |
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| 更始政權 | |
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| 东汉 | 建武25-56 → 建武中元56-57 → 永平58-75 → 建初76-84 → 元和84-87 → 章和87-88 → 永元89-105 → 元兴105 → 延平106 → 永初107-114 → 元初114-120 → 永宁120-121 → 建光121-122 → 延光122-125 → 永建126-132 → 阳嘉132-135 → 永和136-142 → 汉安142-144 → 建康144 → 永嘉145 → 本初146 → 建和147-149 → 和平150-151 → 元嘉151-153 → 永兴153-155 → 永寿155-158 → 延熹158-167 → 永康167-168 → 建宁168-172 → 熹平172-178 → 光和178-184 → 中平184-189 → 光熹189 → 昭宁189 → 永汉189 → 中平189 → 初平190-194 → 兴平194-196 → 建安196-220 → 延康220 |
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