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多巴湖

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多峇湖
Landsat衛星照片
多巴湖在苏门答腊的位置
多巴湖
多巴湖
位置 印度尼西亞北蘇門答臘省
坐标2°37′N 98°49′E / 2.617°N 98.817°E / 2.617; 98.817
湖泊类型火山湖
表面积1,130 km²
最大深度505 m[1]
水体体积240 km³
表面海拔905 m
岛屿沙摩西島
多峇湖

多峇湖(或譯為多巴湖印尼语Danau Toba英語Lake Toba),是一座位于印尼苏门达腊岛北部的火山湖,此湖呈菱形,座標西北角2°53′N 98°31′E / 2.88°N 98.52°E / 2.88; 98.52,东南角2°21′N 99°06′E / 2.35°N 99.1°E / 2.35; 99.1,长100公里,宽30公里,面積1,130平方公里,是世界上最大的火山湖[1],最深處505公尺,海拔905公尺。湖中有世界上最大的島中島沙摩西島

多峇湖所在的破火山口形成於距今七万五千年前的超级火山喷发,该次爆发被认为具有8VEI的强度。同时这次喷发被认为是过去25万年來地球上最大的一次喷发,很可能导致了大规模气候变化和一场全球性灾难。一些科学家认为,这次火山喷发可能造成了大部分人类(直立人)死亡,造成人口缩减期,直接影响到所有幸存者的继承基因(參見多峇巨災理論种群瓶頸)。

多巴湖萨莫西尔安巴瑞塔镇全景

島上有部族巴塔克人

註解

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Worldlakes.org. [2010-04-22]. (原始内容存档于2012-02-02). 
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多巴湖
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