For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 外輪船.

外輪船

外輪船或称明轮船[1]為一種內動力船,有蒸汽或內燃機等型,靠兩舷的大型水車狀轮桨撥水前進。

15世紀畫軸中的羅馬外輪船
現代外輪船
清代车轮舸
唐代车轮舟
船尾式外輪

已知最早的西方紀錄中古罗马已經出現使用轮桨的船隻,只是靠人力或動物在內部推動,也搭配船槳補助。中國南史紀錄中則是418年南北朝時代王鎮惡的水軍装备没有船桨的蒙衝,可能采用轮桨推进[2]祖冲之建造的千里船英语qianli chuan可能也使用轮桨,552年梁國水軍則很明確有典型人力外輪船被稱為「水車」,同時期其他地方小水軍也有「双輪」「步艦」等船隻出現多半使用人力在船內踩踏驅動輪體。[3]唐朝後大量出現並已經為外國所知,到宋朝外輪船體積和動力有所優化已經裝上衝角來衝撞敵軍,並能載300人以上做為主力軍事用途的一類軍艦,被稱為海鰍船。

近代18世紀末期美國學者罗伯特·富尔顿首次將蒸汽機用於外輪船開創先河,1845年後英國海軍正式將蒸氣外輪船作為軍艦必備的船種。[4]

参考文献

  1. ^ 明輪船 paddle steamer. 樂詞網. [2022-11-07]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-07). 
  2. ^ 资治通鉴/卷118 - 维基文库,自由的图书馆. [2023-09-21]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-05) (中文(简体)). 镇恶溯渭而上,乘蒙冲小舰,行船者皆在舰内;秦人见舰进而无行船者,皆惊以为神。 
  3. ^ 牛山輝代訳『中国の科学と文明』河出書房新社。ISBN 9784309224862
  4. ^ Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 3, Civil Engineering and Nautics. Taipei: Caves Books. p. 31.
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
外輪船
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?