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簷口

不同西方建築風格的簷口
簷口仰視圖

簷口(Cornice)為建築用語,源自於義大利文cornice。是指環繞建築屋頂或牆面:如窗口、陽台或室內空間上方的水平裝飾性線腳構造。簷口凸出於牆面或柱列之外,具有保護牆面,使雨水不直接打在牆面上的作用,同時助於宣洩屋面的雨水。簷口被視為屋簷的一部分,但不等同於屋簷,簷口通常有較多的裝飾,有時較不具有功能性。簷口的功能及位置可被山牆屋簷天溝/落水管英语Rain gutter取代。現代建築的重要要素之一就是省略簷口,因此需要精密的內部排水系統。

名稱

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名稱源自於義大利文cornice,可追溯至拉丁文cornīx 的或希臘文的korōnís (曲線)。

古典主義建築

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帶有雨珠飾的mutule

古希臘建築及受其影響後世建築風格中,簷口是古典柱式中最上方的部分,與飾帶楣梁英语Architrave組合成柱頂

簷口挑出部分,時常做成一列許多凸出的小方塊(dentils)形式[1]:200,可能源於木造建築的徵稱屋頂的椽木。

非古典建築

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凹弧簷口

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凹弧英语Cavetto簷口

轉角簷口

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轉角簷口指出現在簷口和山牆的斜簷口(rake)交接處[2]:67,簷口在轉角處突出的作法,有如斜簷口轉彎呈水平狀,可在新古典主義建築中見到。

相關條目

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参考文献

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  1. ^ 李乾朗. 《臺灣古建築圖解事典》. 臺灣: 遠流. 2003-07-01: 200. ISBN 978-957-3294-57-3 (中文(臺灣)). 
  2. ^ Anderson, Leroy Oscar. Wood-frame house construction. New York: Books for Business. 2002 [1970]. ISBN 0-89499-167-1. 
  • Robertson, D. S. 1943. Handbook of Greek and Roman Architecture, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
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簷口
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