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堆砌

立方體堆砌

幾何學中,堆砌,又稱蜂巢體(英語:Honeycomb)或空間填充是空間中的密鋪或鑲嵌,由多面體密堆積、或由高維度的胞緊密堆積而成,因此該幾何體內部不會存在任何空隙,如有空隙存在則不能稱為密鋪。

堆砌通常建於歐幾里得空間。它們也可以在非歐幾里得空間,如雙曲堆砌構造。任何有限的均勻多胞形可以投射到它的外接球或外接超球體,形成球形空間的均勻堆砌。

堆砌是平面鑲嵌或密鋪在三維空間或更高維度的類比。

分類

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在幾何學中,堆砌有無限多種,其中只有少部分有分類。其中正堆砌吸引了最多的關注,而豐富多樣的其他堆砌不斷地被發現。

最簡單的堆砌是由板狀物或柱體堆積在平面上,然後一層一層的堆砌。特別的,對所有的平行六面體,不斷重複堆砌可以填滿空間,此外立方體堆砌更為特殊,因為它是唯一一個存在歐幾里得三維空間的正堆砌。另一個有趣的家族是希爾四面體英语Hill tetrahedra和相關立體,他們也可以完全堆滿整個的空間。

均勻堆砌

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此章节尚無任何内容,需要扩充。 (2019年7月1日)

參見

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參考文獻

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  • Coxeter, H. S. M.: Regular Polytopes.
  • Williams, Robert. The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure: A Source Book of Design. Dover Publications, Inc. 1979: 164–199. ISBN 0-486-23729-X.  Chapter 5: Polyhedra packing and space filling
  • Critchlow, K.: Order in space.
  • Pearce, P.: Structure in nature is a strategy for design.
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堆砌
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