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基本盤.
在民主政治學當中,基本盤(英語:base)一詞特指一群選民,其取向幾乎都只是支持和投票給一個政黨或一個黨派的候選人。選舉當中,不管有其他政黨候選人來進行挑戰,在競選當中而發表更為特殊的政見,基本盤選民仍然不會動搖,仍不會去支持投票給前來挑戰或競爭的其他政黨候選人。基本盤選民只投票給自己長期支持的政黨或這個政黨的候選人。
若把選票市場比喻成商業市場間的競爭,某個政黨就像一家公司,擁有自己的鐵桿顧客(基本盤)。在選舉當中,必然會有其他的挑戰者或競爭對手(其他政派候選人)前來搶你的顧客,吃掉你的市場,從而達到選舉勝利的目的。為避免其他競爭對手來搶你的市場,某個政黨必須要先防守穩固你的「基本盤」,使之不會動搖。這些基本盤選民對於這個政黨有較高的忠誠度,較不會去支持其他前來競爭的對手。在穩固「基本盤」之後,才有能力去進攻其他市場,擴大市場佔有率,增加更多客戶(選票/支持者),從而打贏選戰。
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