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埃克巴坦那

埃克巴坦那出土的黃金製的角狀酒杯，屬於阿契美尼德帝國時期，收藏在伊朗國家博物館

埃克巴坦那（英語：Ecbatana、古波斯語：Hagmatana/Haŋgmatana）為一座古老城市，位於現今伊朗境內的哈馬丹。考古學家認為這個遺址屬於馬納伊文明最重要的首都[1]，也是米底亞王國首都，後來成為波斯首都。

重要時期的名稱

  1. 聖經舊約《以斯拉記》作「亞馬他城」[2]。
  2. 薩桑波斯時期使用Ecbatana。參見田中芳樹《亞爾斯蘭戰記》。
  3. 在1222年被成吉思汗的蒙古帝国的哲别和速不台两位将军彻底毁灭。
  4. 薩菲汗伊朗時期重建為哈馬丹，即波斯語「哈革馬搭那」(Hagmatana)的簡稱。
  5. 今天歸入哈馬丹省省會Hamadan。

歷史沿革一覽表

  • Achmeta (750 BC - AD 640)
  • Agbatana (540 BC - 330 BC)
  • Agmatanu (720 BC - 540 BC)
  • Ahmadan (750 BC - AD 640)
  • Ecbatana (750 BC - AD 640)
  • Ἐκβάτανα (Ekbatana; 720 BC - AD 226)
  • Epiphaneia (750 BC - AD 640)
  • Epiphaneia (330 BC - 140 BC)
  • Hagmatana (750 BC - AD 640)
  • Hamadān (1200 BC - AD 2000)
  • Hamadān (AD 632 - AD 750)
  • Hamaḏān (AD 632 - AD 1258)
  • Hamdān (AD 1918 - AD 2000)
  • Hamādan (540 BC - 330 BC)
  • Hāgmātana (540 BC - 330 BC)
  • Hāmādān (AD 300 - AD 640)
  • Ḥamdan (Attested dates needed)

參考資料

  1. ^ باستان شناسان در جستجوي هگمتانه واقعي در شمال غرب ايران [考古學家在伊朗西北部尋找真正的埃克巴坦那]. [2019-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2007-10-10） （波斯语）. 
  2. ^ 参看《以斯拉記》第6章第2节参

外部連結

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埃克巴坦那
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