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土工布

土工布(英語:Geotextiles)又名地工布、土工纖維,作為是一種多層織物,通常由聚酯纖維聚丙烯聚乙烯等材料製成,有兩種基本形式:織造(類似麻布袋)和非織造(類似毛毧)。具有優良的透水性和過濾性,能夠保護土壤和減緩土壤侵蝕,同時還可以增加土壤的穩定性和承載能力。常在公路鐵路堤防等工程中,作為加固和防護土壤的屏障,擁有分離、過濾、加強、保護或排水的能力。現今越來越多土工布的衍生物如地格、防滲層、地格、土工布管都可以在地質和環境工程設計中產生益處。

差異

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土工布土工膜(英語:Geomembrane)的差異之處在於,土工布著重在透水、加強土壤的穩定性使其不易鬆動、滑動。土工膜則是完全隔離土壤、不易透水,常用於水利工程上。

應用

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土木工程

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土工布及其相關產品有許多應用,目前有許多應用,包括道路、機場、鐵路、堤壩、挖土牆、水庫、運河、水壩、堤防工程、沿海工程和建築工地防沙障。通常將土工布放置在受張力的土壤表面以增強土壤強度。土工布可以用比傳統土壤釘更低的成本提高土壤強度。此外,土工布能在陡峭的斜坡上進行種植,更加固定斜坡。在拆除建築工程中,土工布結合鋼絲圍欄可以控制爆炸碎片。椰繩(椰子纖維)土工布由於其不差的機械強度,被廣受用於防蝕、坡面穩定和生物工程。椰繩土工布的壽命約為 3 至 5 年,取決於布重,廢棄後產品會分解為腐殖質,豐富土壤。[1]

全球暖化

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具有反射性的土工布被用於保護正在融化的冰川。在意大利北部,他們使用土工布來覆蓋冰川,以保護它們不被太陽照射。[2]

參考資料

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  1. ^ Richards, Davi. Coir is sustainable alternative to peat moss in the garden. Garden Hints. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Extension Service. 2006-06-02 [2013-03-06]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-15). 
  2. ^ Italian glaciers tell the tale of climate change; lost 1/3rd of its volume | Breaking News, Latest News, World, South Asia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh News & Analysis. www.wionews.com. [2021-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2022-05-31). 
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土工布
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