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四禮

四禮
汉语名称
繁体字 冠婚喪祭
简化字 冠婚丧祭
朝鲜语名稱
諺文관혼상제
汉字冠婚喪祭
日语名称
汉字 冠婚葬祭

冠婚喪祭在中華文化裏面,指的是成人從出生到死亡所必須經歷的四個禮儀,即是「冠禮」、「婚禮」、「喪禮」和「祭禮」,統稱為「四禮」或「家禮」。[1][2] 四禮隨着儒家文化的傳播,也流傳到日本朝鮮半島琉球越南臺灣滿洲香港等東亞國家地區,日本稱之為「冠婚葬祭」,韓國稱之為「冠婚喪祭」。

四禮用社會人類學的觀點來解釋的話,既是「通過儀禮」,也就是表示一個人從生命中的一個階段進入另一個階段的過程,它包括了出生成年結婚死亡的四個階段。四禮與通過儀禮之間互有重疊之處,但通過儀禮的誕生禮不在四禮之中,而且也沒有人死後所行的祭禮。[3]

畫廊

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冠禮

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婚禮

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喪禮

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祭禮

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另見

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參考來源

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  1. ^ 隋·王通中說·關朗》:「正家以四禮,冠婚喪祭。」
  2. ^ 宋·王應麟小學紺珠·卷三·人倫》:「四禮,冠昏喪祭。」明·毛晉注:「文中子弟凝正家以四禮。」
  3. ^ 扈貞煥. 韓國的民俗與文化. 臺灣: 商務印書館. 2006: 107. ISBN 9789570521160. 用社會人類學的語言來說叫作通過儀禮(Rites of Passage),是指為了凸顯個人一生必經的過程而舉行的儀禮,包括生產儀禮、成年禮、結婚禮、喪禮。……雖然通過儀禮和冠婚喪祭有互相重疊的部分,但是通過儀禮的生育儀禮是四禮所沒有的,四禮當中的祭禮也不包含在通過儀禮當中。 
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四禮
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