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吳襄

吳襄(1592年—1644年 處決),一作吳驤,字兩環高郵州人,明朝天啟二年(1622年)武進士[1]吳三桂之父。

生平

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崇禎時任遼東總兵,是祖大壽的部屬、妹夫。

崇禎四年(1631年)八月,後金大汗皇太極發動“大凌河之役”,吳襄赴援時逃亡,導致全軍覆滅,祖大壽降清,孫承宗罷黜,吳襄下獄,擢吳三桂為總兵。崇禎十六年(1643年)十一月,薊遼總督王永吉代為請求,崇禎帝批准“給吳襄俸廩”[2]

崇禎十七年(1644年)三月初,流寇事變,闖王李自成大同真定朝廷起用吳襄提督京營,史稱“秦寇勢迫,調襄入京協守”[3]甲申之變,流寇破燕京,活捉吳襄,李自成派部將唐通以四萬犒賞吳三桂軍,並脅吳襄作書招降吳三桂。

四月二十二日,吳三桂引清兵入關阿濟格多鐸大敗李自成於“山海關之戰”,多爾袞封吳三桂為“平西王”,追擊李自成,再敗李自成於望都

李自成大怒,在永平(今河北盧龍双望镇)城西范家庄斬殺吳襄,並將吳襄的首級懸掛在高竿上示眾。四月二十六日,李自成回師燕京,吳家三十四口遭到族滅。吳三桂則一路追擊李自成,直下武昌始還。

注釋

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  1. ^ 庭聞錄·卷一页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)》:吳襄字兩環,以寧遠前屯中後所籍,登天啟二年壬戌科武進士,累官都指揮使,鎮寧遠。
  2. ^ 《崇祯长编》,卷1,34页。
  3. ^ 《甲申传信录》,卷8,139页。
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吳襄
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