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司馬消難

司馬消難(?—?),字道融河内郡温县(今河南省焦作市温县)人。

生平

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消难为司马懿四弟司馬馗后人,北齐司空司馬子如之子。司馬消難幼聰慧,然不學無術,又好自矯飾,乃多卷黃紙加之朱軸,冒充為典籍,以矜僚友。尚書令江總戲弄他:“黃紙五經,赤軸三史。”司馬消難雅愛賓客,邢子才王元景魏收陸卬、崔贍等皆遊其門。

東魏時娶高歡之女。司马消难曾经奸淫其父司马子如的妾室,被其父作为案例劝解因兒子高澄奸淫庶母郑大车而盛怒的高欢

高歡之子、齐文宣帝高洋建立北齊後,追尊父親為神武帝,父親司馬子如在北齊任官,位至尚書令。司馬消難亦因帝婿身份而顯貴,拜駙馬都尉,任中書黃門郎光祿少卿

齐文宣帝高洋捉拿其弟上党王高涣时,司馬消難被怀疑和高涣同谋,惧祸派部下裴藻北周商议投降,官至尚書令

北周大象二年(580年)楊堅專權後,尉遲迥據有太行山以東十一個州,兵力二十多萬;又聯絡鄖州總管司馬消難抗楊,七月二十四日消難舉兵響應,據江北九個州,兵力約十一萬。楊堅以王誼為南路行軍元帥,率領李雄等四個行軍總管,討伐江北的司馬消難。八月,王誼軍至鄖州,司馬消難率部退至魯山、甑山。王誼命令總管李威、馮暉、李遠等分兵進擊,大獲全勝。消難夤夜南奔,投降南陳。其女司馬令姬周靜帝宇文衍皇后,因司马消难事,被废为庶人。後來隋文帝攻陳,消難被俘,帝以舊念特免其死罪,被發配为乐户。復猶以舊恩引見,消难覺得慚愧,不久去世。

司马消难喜新厌旧,他的妻子本是高欢的女儿,原本司马消难对她很敬重,但是司马消难后来进入关中,便對她棄如敝屣了。司马消难赴郧州上任,把高氏和三个儿子留在京城。高氏对杨坚说:“荥阳公性格多变而狡诈,如今让新近宠幸的姬妾跟着自己,一定不顾妻儿,希望您防备他。”后来,司马消难投奔陈国,高氏母子本應株連,但因为前番言语而得到赦免。

由于其事奉的三个政權接连亡国,且司马消难本人每次都投降,他被时人当做反复无常的典型。[1]

延伸阅读

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[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:周書·卷21》,出自令狐德棻周書

参考来源

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  1. ^ 陽玠; 黄大宏. 八代談藪校箋. 中華書局. 2010: 277–278 [2020-05-14]. ISBN 978-7-101-07363-8. (原始内容存档于2020-06-17) (中文). 
政府职务
空缺
上一位持有相同頭銜者:
吳明徹
南陳司空
580年-582年
繼任:
陳叔堅
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司馬消難
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