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史达祖.
史達祖(約1160年—約1210年),字邦卿,號梅溪,汴京(今河南开封)人。南宋词人。
生卒年不詳。[1]寓居杭州。早年師事張磁,但屢試不中,只好當韩侂胄的幕僚,任“省吏”,负责撰拟文稿,“奉行文字,拟帖撰旨,俱出其手”,颇得韩的倚重。[2]开禧三年(1207年)韩侂胄因开禧北伐事敗被杀,達祖遭到牵连,被處以黥刑,流放到江汉。晚年困頓而死。[3]
達祖工於填詞,与姜夔齐名,并称“姜史”。[4]姜夔称其词风“奇秀清逸”,[5]善咏物,精於描写刻画,有《梅溪词》传世。
- 王士祯《花草蒙恰》:“僕每讀史邦卿‘咏燕’詞,以為詠物至此,人巧極天工矣。”
- 彭孙遹说:“南宋词人如白石、梅溪、竹屋、梦窗、竹山诸家之中,当以史邦卿为第一。”
- ^ 關於史达祖的生卒年,学界众说纷纭。胡适《词选》谓其生於公元1155年上下,卒于开禧三年(1207)。陆侃如、冯沅君《中国诗史》第三编第五章谓其生於1160年,卒于1210年。
- ^ 叶绍翁《四朝闻见录》戊集记载:“师旦既逐,韩为平章,事无决,专倚省吏史邦卿奉行文字。拟帖撰旨,俱出其手,权炙缙绅,侍从简札,至用申呈。”
- ^ 陈廷焯《白雨斋词话》卷五说:“独怪史梅溪之沈郁顿挫,温厚缠绵,似其人气节文章,可以并传不朽,而乃甘作权相堂吏,致与耿柽、董如璧辈并送大理,身败名裂,其才虽佳,其人无足称矣。”
- ^ 张宗橚《词林纪事》卷一三引蒿芦师许昂霄云:“白石、梅溪,昔人往往并称。”
- ^ 姜夔:《梅溪词》序
- 张镃《题梅溪词》
- 黄贤俊,《史梅溪遗事考》,《中州学刊》1985年第1期
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