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古狐猴屬

古狐猴屬
化石时期:全新世 Holocene
愛德華古狐猴(A. edwardsi)復原圖
绝灭(1047-1280年)
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 灵长目 Primates
科: 古狐猴科 Archaeolemuridae
属: 古狐猴屬 Archaeolemur
Filhol, 1895
  • 愛德華古狐猴(A. edwardsi
  • 古狐猴(A. majori
異名[1]
  • Bradylemur Grandidier, 1899
  • Globilemur Forsyth Major, 1898
  • Nesopithecus Forsyth Major, 1896
古狐猴(A. majori)顱骨化石

古狐猴屬學名Archaeolemur)為已滅絕狐猴,包含有兩種:愛德華古狐猴A. edwardsi)及古狐猴A. majori[2]

描述

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古狐猴屬於全新世時廣泛分布於馬達加斯加島各地,於全島幾乎都可發現化石,廣泛的地理分布與短暫的生存年代肇因於牠們身為泛化種的特性。牠們的體重約介於15至35公斤(33至77磅),為半地棲性的狐猴,主要棲息於地表,但也擅長於樹上活動英语arboreal locomotion[3]。儘管幾乎都於地面生活,古狐猴卻不像獼猴狒狒(科學家多半用這兩者與古狐猴做比較)那麼擅於行走英语cursorial[4];相較於幾乎完全地棲性的狒狒,古狐猴具有較為粗短的四肢、較小的手指、及較寬的軀幹。古狐猴被認為具有十分多樣化的食性,包括種子及各種疏林草原的植物[5],古狐猴具有較大的門牙可用於移除這些種子及果實上的硬殼或外皮[4]。廣適性的適應也解釋了為什麼牠們是最晚絕種的亞化石狐猴之一[2]

滅絕

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古狐猴屬約於公元1047–1280年滅絕[6]

分類學

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ McKenna, MC; Bell, SK. Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. 1997: 335. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Jungers, W. L.; et al. The hands and feet of Archaeolemur: metrical affinities and their functional significance (PDF). Journal of Human Evolution. 2005, 49 (1): 36–55 [2008-08-22]. PMID 15989943. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.03.001. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-08). 
  3. ^ Hamrick, M. W.; Simons, E. L.; Jungers, W. L. New wrist bones of the Malagasy giant subfossil lemurs. Journal of Human Evolution. 2000, 38 (5): 635–680. PMID 10799257. doi:10.1006/jhev.1999.0372. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Simons, E. L. Lemurs: Old and New. Goodman, S. M.; Patterson, B. D. (编). Natural Change and Human Impact in Madagascar. Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press. 1997: 142–166. 
  5. ^ Godfrey, L. R. Adaptive diversification of Malagasy strepsirrhines.. Journal of Human Evolution. 1988, 17 (1–2): 93–134. doi:10.1016/0047-2484(88)90051-6. 
  6. ^ Mittermeier, R. A.; Tattersall, I.; Konstant, W.R.; Meyers, D.M.; Mast, R.B. Chapter 4: The Extinct Lemurs. Lemurs of Madagascar. Illustrated by S.D. Nash 1st. Conservation International. 1994: 33–48. ISBN 978-1-881173-08-3. 
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古狐猴屬
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